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美国人曾疯狂迷恋核爆炸:选美都要跟“核”沾边

2016-07-13 15:58:25   刘顾城

搞野餐搞选美都与“核”沾边秀“成就”秀“爱国”成社会风气

刘顾城

“夜色已近凌晨,派对的人群突然安静下来,只剩下迪恩·马丁的背景音乐还在播放。客人们右手举着一杯马提尼,左手夹着雪茄,抬起头来举目北望。突然,西北65英里之外,耀眼的白光刺破天空,蘑菇云翻腾汹涌,人群随即发出一阵欢呼,夹杂着兴奋与崇拜,在空中久久不散。慢慢地,客人们逐渐平静下来,啜饮杯中酒,又恢复了窃窃私语。”

没错,是蘑菇云,是核弹,不是烟花。60多年前,这是美国拉斯维加斯赌场酒店的寻常一幕,尽管现在看上去令人难以置信。

拉斯维加斯的核狂热

上世纪50年代,内华达州持续升起蘑菇云。杜鲁门1945年就任美国总统后,为对抗苏联,他下令在内华达修建了核试验场,加快核武研制。1951年1月27日,这里进行了首次核试验,尽管政府努力保密,消息仍被公开,《拉斯维加斯评论报》披露了蘑菇云升起的文章,美国核能委员会还为此派出联邦调查局调查这家报社。

事实上,核试验场距离拉斯维加斯如此之近,真相不可能被长期掩盖。原子弹爆炸发出的刺眼光芒令黑夜犹如白昼,蘑菇云在大道上清晰可见。从1951年开始至1963年《部分禁止核试验条约》出台,内达华试验场近百次引爆核武器,每3周就有一次。当地政府也决定不再隐瞒,并且将此视为一个良机。核试验之前,拉斯维加斯的城市宣传词是“顽石坝的门户”,核试验之后,他们迅速转型为“核之城”。

1951年11月12日,拉斯维加斯让核阴云成为流行杂志《生活》的封面,机智的先锋俱乐部管理人员将这个照片制成明信片,后来这种明信片开始流行(如下图)。当地商会为游客制作带有核爆时间表的日历,酒店组织野餐欣赏核爆炸,提供“核爆鸡尾酒”“核爆派对”,面包店制作蘑菇云纸杯蛋糕。当地理发师设计核爆发型,拉斯维加斯高中将蘑菇云放在学校年鉴的封面。

1952年4月22日,来自美国各地的200名记者聚集在内华达州亚卡湖边一块火山岩堆上,媒体受邀观看并对外报道核爆还是第一次,他们的所在地距离原爆点只有10英里。一名记者描述了现场观感:戴上黑色的防护镜,伸着脖子等待信号。核弹被抛下,令人难以置信的白云向空中爬升,就像一把巨大的伞。你能感受到核爆后产生的冲击波,先是热浪扑面而来,接下来是震动,强度足以推倒一个没有防备的成年人。

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