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揭新四军海防部队:战果令日本《朝日新闻》惊呼

2016-04-19 14:40:26   曹晋杰 中国共产党历史网

1946年3月,华中海防纵队到苏北燕尾港,掩护我方抢运海盐。燕尾港是当时全国最大的淮北盐场所在地,也是国民党在华中地区的重要财政收入来源,国民党军企图独占这个盐场的海盐。华中军区首长获悉后,组织和动员了苏北、苏中沿海数十万民工、400艘海船,提前抢运燕尾港海盐。华中海防纵队司令员吴福海奉命集中海防部队40艘战船、2个营的兵力,约五六百名指战员,在运盐船队周围护航。这次抢运海盐,前后历时4个月,共抢运海盐250万石(内河抢运与其他单位抢运的不计在内)。在整个护航期间,只要敌人不出连云港花果山,海防部队就不主动出击,以确保运盐船队的安全。国民党军见我方严阵以待,亦不敢贸然进犯。这批海盐运入苏中、苏北解放区后,解决了军民的食盐和渔民的生产用盐问题,并用食盐换取了大量其他物资,从而大大地加强了解放区的经济实力。

积极护渔、护航,保护渔民、商船的生命财产安全

长江口东北约250公里处,有个著名的吕泗渔场,盛产黄花鱼。渔民传说:“一天好产一条金牛!”每年清明节过后,山东、江苏、浙江、福建和台湾,以及跨海而来的朝鲜、日本的渔民,纷纷来到渔场。在这百里渔场中,约有万余条渔船,争先恐后下网捕鱼。1944年春天,在黄花渔汛即将到来之前,我苏中海防团得到情报:驻江南浏河的伪税警大队仲炳炎部,要窜来渔场“收税”并抢劫渔船。苏中海防团司令陶勇、政委吉洛(姬鹏飞)、政治部副主任何振声等领导闻讯后,立即研究部署护渔任务。黄花渔汛有3个潮汛:第一汛是小汛;第二汛是大汛,即鱼群大发,是捕鱼关键的一汛;第三汛比第二汛鱼群小些。海防团首长分析估计,伪匪主要在第二汛出来骚扰、抢掠。因此,海防团把主要兵力集中放在第二汛期。第一汛时,只派少数战船编队出海巡逻。第二汛时,海防团主力就全部出动了,3个营加上部分渔民自卫队,浩浩荡荡32条船编队出海。孙仲明与柴如奎率二营为第一队,曾洪祥与王全率一营为第二队,赵荣生率三营为第三队,渔民自卫队由陈廷刚和陈一诚率领,负责侦察、后援任务。3个梯队均配置了重机枪和八二炮。陆洲舫和陈尔胜在海防团指挥船上,负责总指挥。开始一、二小时里没有发现敌情,渔船竞相捕鱼。不一会儿,渔场的西南方向响起枪声,孙仲明的第一船队与敌伪税警队交上火了,枪声越来越急,指挥船立即发出信号,命令曾洪祥率第二船队迅速增援。海防团船队抢占了上风,实行近战,手榴弹、八二炮弹纷纷落入敌船。伪税警大队长仲炳炎乘一条又大又快的5桅篷铁甲船,走在前面,迎面接近我第二船队,我排长季九雄、陈维寿、胡进才等率领的3条突击队船,顺风迅猛冲击,先打沉敌船1条,又重伤2条船,直逼敌指挥船。作为伪军仲炳炎后盾的日军3条铁壳子船见势不妙,掉头向长江口溜了。此时,气候突变,海上刮起飓风,恶浪滔天,伪敌兵晕船呕吐,船只失控,被浪掀翻沉没。海防团除两条船桅杆被狂风折断,战士伤亡8名(孙仲明指挥船上伤亡4名,一营四连伤亡班长王玉山和战士各1名,二营四连伤2名)外,全部船只安全返航。苏中海防团取得了这一次海战的胜利,致使伪匪在相当长的时间内龟缩在据点里,不敢出海骚扰,从而保证了沿海渔民在海上渔业生产的安全。当时日本东京的《朝日新闻》曾惶恐地惊呼:“华东沿海从连云港起到上海止,有游弋不定的新四军水兵!”

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