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谁是“九一八”事变始作俑者:日本天皇未批准

2016-04-19 14:35:55   人民网

日本在中国东北的侵略行径激起了广大中国人民的义愤,一些爱国反日的人士走上了暗杀日本军国主义分子的道路,这其中最为著名的便是在20世纪30年代有“江淮大侠”之称的王亚樵。王亚樵早年反蒋,随着日寇入侵中国,又一改反蒋为反日,组织“铁血锄奸团”,专事刺杀日本特务及卖国汉奸。在此期间,王亚樵逐渐与当时流亡上海的朝鲜反日组织韩国独立党和韩国临时政府建立了合作关系。王亚樵与朝鲜反日志士金九进行密商,双方约定分头行动,王亚樵负责刺杀九一八事变的主谋板垣征四郎,金九领导的爱国团负责刺杀日本天皇裕仁。然后共同发表声明,要求日本侵略军退出中、朝,否则将遭更大的报复。

1931年10月,王亚樵前往沈阳,在得知靠侵华战争起家的日本陆军元老白川义则大将正在沈阳策划成立伪满洲国后,遂决定改为行刺白川。但由于日本宪兵警戒极严,暗杀未能成功。11月底,王亚樵返回上海后,金九立即着手布置刺杀裕仁天皇。

金九派出的刺客是韩国独立党成员、时年32岁的李奉昌。1931年12月16日,李奉昌一切准备就绪,并在自己的内裤里缝了两枚日制军用炸弹,前往东京。

在东京,李奉昌以木下省藏的日本名字住进锦町旅馆。经过多天对皇宫周围的侦察,李奉昌选择了皇宫樱田门外警察署附近作为狙击地点。一是因为裕仁天皇经常从此门出入,二是因为樱田门外道路弯弯曲曲,特别是在警察署处有一个较大的转弯,天皇车队经过时必然减速,便于趁机投弹狙击。

但是要想接近那里并不容易。按规定,只有在每年1月2日和4月29日“天长节”时,人们才可以到那里。而在平时,若想到那里必须有贵族的证明。李奉昌在离开上海前,以参观皇宫为名,托曾与他谈过恋爱的一位日本贵族小姐为他办好了证明。证明上用的是另外一个日本名字——浅山太郎。

1932年1月8日,裕仁天皇在东京郊区代代木练兵场检阅了号称“精锐之师”的陆军第9师团。也正是在这次阅兵式上,他宣读了那份赞扬关东军侵略中国东北的敕语。检阅结束后,裕仁天皇率大队人马浩浩荡荡起驾回宫。这时,李奉昌已顺利抵达樱田门附近,准备伺机下手。

裕仁天皇乘坐的是一辆四乘古式马车。日本警方为预防行刺,除安排大批警力前呼后拥以及从“满洲”空运来关东军的秘密警察进行协助外,还特意在天皇马车后安排了一辆装饰与警戒都相同的马车,称之为“副车”,主要起伪装与迷惑作用,当时坐在这辆马车上的是宫内大臣一木喜德郎。

自从1923年发生谋刺天皇的事件后,在御驾巡幸时沿途两边的警察都背向街道肃立,两眼紧盯着人群。按照历来的传统,人群是跪着的。当天皇的车队来到樱田门外警察署前转弯处马车减速时,混在人群中的李奉昌趁机将日制炸弹磕火,投了出去。不料,李奉昌误将副车当成了天皇的座车,随着轰然一声巨响,副车的车夫当即被炸死,车上的人却幸免于难。坐在前面马车上的裕仁天皇听到爆炸声后,惊慌失措,差一点摔出车外。驾车的驭马见状立即挥鞭催马,拉着天皇直奔樱田门内。

刺杀裕仁未果的李奉昌当场被捕,并被押至警察署。他拒不回答警察的询问,只是一再追问:“裕仁受伤没有?”当得知裕仁安然无恙后,不由得仰天长叹道:“大事未成啊!”

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