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揭秘史上最强间谍克星:不用身体接触让500间谍招供

2016-04-18 14:02:10   人民网

  史蒂芬斯在原有30个房间的基础上额外增加了92间牢房,外加一个惩戒室——号称13号牢房。第一批德国间谍于1940年9月入住这里,在接下来的5年里,先后有500余名犯人“造访”过“020号营区”,他们中的大部分是德国间谍,很多人为了活命选择为盟军工作。

  史蒂芬斯讨厌被人称作“监狱官”,在他眼中,他一直扮演着“指挥官”的角色。在“020号营区”,他始终强调,“严禁暴力”。“使用暴力审讯不只是得到答案而已,这么做同时也降低了情报的标准。”在审讯工作要点中,史蒂芬斯写道:“使用暴力一点也不明智,犯人为了避免皮肉之苦就会信口开河,这样得来的情报都是基于一个错误的前提。”

  里德尔曾是“020号营区”的一名军官,在他的回忆录中曾记载过史蒂芬斯阻止其他军情五处官员使用暴力逼供的情景。里德尔写道:“我很清楚,这个营区不能使用暴力。除了道德上的原因外,这些盖世太保的手段从长远来看并不会奏效。”为了阻止频频发生的刑讯逼供,史蒂芬斯甚至开除过一名审讯官。

  与其他审讯者不同,史蒂芬斯更擅长施加心理压力。他将“020号营区”与外界环境隔离开来,营造了一种诡异的安静氛围令犯人们恐惧。守卫一律穿着网球鞋,从而消除脚步声,造成他们随时会出现的假象。所有房间都装有窃听器,严密监视犯人的一举一动。犯人们被相互隔离,完全不知道彼此的存在。犯人的食物单调乏味,他们没权享受香烟和咖啡。剥夺睡眠在这里是家常便饭,从而破坏犯人的时间感,让他们在这里度日如年。有些犯人的牢房灯24小时保持照明,有些人的牢房则是终日不见光亮,个别犯人甚至一连数月不许穿衣服。

  除了这些常规的精神折磨手段,史蒂芬斯还利用了法律提供的便利条件。根据规定,战时被捕的间谍如果拒绝合作就会面临极刑。“020号营区”前前后后收容过500余名犯人,15名间谍曾先后被史蒂芬斯枪决或是吊死,还有很多间谍因为不堪折磨而自杀。

  从这点来讲,史蒂芬斯被称作“酷吏”算是一点也不为过。正是用这种残忍的手段,他从这些间谍中收获颇丰。送来的500余名间谍中,120人被鉴定为具有重要价值的人员,移送给军情五处总部用作迷惑德国情报组织,或是作为反情报资源予以培养,史蒂芬斯将他们中的很多人成功地改造为双面间谍。

  在史蒂芬斯看来,他是一个业余的心理专家。他为此阅读了大量心理学著作。谈及自己出色的审讯能力,他毫不掩饰地讲,这一切都要归功于他在廓尔喀团中同那些外籍雇佣军斗智斗勇的成果。“我们在这里就是为了从心理上打垮间谍。”他告诉下属,“将他们的心彻底击碎,再审视一下这些碎片是否有价值,而那些顽抗到底的人将会被绞死以正视听。”

  史蒂芬斯曾经在报告中写道:“审讯者是天生的,这种技能没法培养。犯人会因为审讯者的性格特点、语音语调和询问速度感受到压力,连续主动地发问容易使犯人不知所措。”

  面对提审的犯人,史蒂芬斯通常会身着廓尔喀制服来到走廊,故意“迟到”一个小时,而这期间犯人们必须起身等待他“随时”来临。伴着一盏白炽灯,史蒂芬斯通常会一连数个小时地“拷问”犯人,再加上两个膀大腰圆的军官在一旁助阵,一点点地打垮犯人的心理防线。

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