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中国最恐怖的14次战争 太平天国起义损失两亿人口

2016-03-17 14:21:46   新浪历史

唐末到五代十国,前后历时80年,中国内外一片混战,亿万生灵涂炭。前后58个皇帝,有42个死于非命。

唐武宗(841年-846年在位)时,全国有496万户,后周世宗(955年-960年在位)进,仅余120万户。到宋初为200万户。损失率76%。

10。金、元灭两宋

宋宣和三年(1122年),全国人口9347万。到元初至元十一年(1274年),人口仅剩887万。损失率高达91%。

蒙古人灭花剌子模,屠杀撒马尔罕城约百万人;灭西夏,屠八十余万人。蒙古人数次西征,凡有抵抗即屠城,共屠数百城,包括屠杀了巴格达的数十万人口,整个中亚一片废墟。

忽必烈屠杀了中国1800万人,中国北方地区有90%的汉族平民惨遭种族灭绝。四川在蒙古大军屠杀前,估计有1300万—2000万人,屠杀后竟然仅剩下 不满80万人,几乎成了无人区。在蒙古军队的杀戮和统治下,中国丧失了7000多万人口。蒙古人在中国境内实施的种族灭绝,作为世界纪录,载入《吉尼斯世 界纪录大全》1985年版。

蒙古人统治下的汉人、南人是贱民,如果杀死蒙古人要偿命,杀回回罚银80两,杀汉人则只需罚交一头毛驴的价钱。汉人娶新媳妇,头一夜一定要让给蒙古保长,中国人甚至连姓名都不能有,只能以出生日期为名。也不能拥有武器,只能几家合用一把菜刀。

11。元末混战

元人陶宗仪所著的《南村辍耕录》里说,“天下兵甲方殷,而淮右之军嗜食人,以小儿为上。……或使坐两缸间,外逼以火;或于铁架上生炙;或缚其手足,先用沸 汤浇泼,却以竹帚刷去苦皮;或盛夹袋中,入巨锅活煮;或男子止断其双腿,妇女则特剜其两乳。酷毒万状,不可具言。”他们把人肉叫做“想肉”,意谓食之而使 人想也。“淮右之军”即朱元璋之军,这个吃人上瘾的军队,何尝考虑过民意!

明朝的开国者朱元璋出身微贱,生性残暴。他在生计艰难之际为郭子兴收留重用,完全借郭子兴而兴,得势后却忘恩负义。朱元璋的好友杀了都元帅,朱元彰又杀了 好友,当上都元帅。1366年,朱元彰救应遭难的皇帝,在龙舟上把皇帝推入长江,建立了明朝。他杀来杀去,先征服了中国人,才转向驱赶已经式微的蒙古人。

夺得天下后,朱元璋翻脸不认人,“火烧独角楼”,大杀功臣、朝臣。据史书记载,胡惟庸、李善长、蓝玉三案总共杀人达10万之多。朱元璋在位30年,杀人20万,基本上将功臣杀光。连毫无二心的幼时放牛娃朋友徐达也不放过,可谓冷酷残暴到了极点。

朱元璋赐给常遇春美妾,可常遇春的元配砍掉了美妾的手。朱元璋派人杀了常遇春的元配,将其肋骨砍成小块煮熟,由朱元璋分发给常遇春及众大臣食用。

明朝最著名的酷刑莫过于“剥皮楦草”,就是将一个活人的皮剥下来,再塞上草。历史上的皇帝很少用这种酷刑,只有土匪、流寇和酷吏才下得了手,而明初的几个皇帝竟都乐此不疲。剥皮时如果让被剥皮者早死了,明朝竟规定:“有即毙者,行刑之人坐死。”

朱元璋在各州县设有“剥皮亭”,官员一旦被指控贪污,无须审判即被剥皮,悬皮于亭中,以示警戒。他惩治官僚,如空印案、郭桓案,数万人被连累致死。因贪污 罪名死于监狱或被判刑的,每年都有数万人。但明王朝最终仍然陷于腐败泥淖而不能自拔,严嵩的贪污款就相当于好几年的国防预算!

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