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解析美军B-21轰炸机:是否对中国有绝对压制优势

2016-03-21 11:14:01   环球网

另外,美军将赋予B-21更强的能力拓展性。通用型的内埋弹舱可以装备当前和未来多种型号常规制导炸弹、巡航导弹、钻地弹以及下一代能携带核弹头的空射巡航导弹等。据称,该机还将同时发展有人和无人驾驶两种型号,无人驾驶型号可以深入更加危险、敏感的敌方腹地作战。

美国空军认为,B-21至少在2040年之前能够保证对“最强大潜在对手”的有效威慑。

面对军事大国 突防能力堪忧

目前,B-21已进入工程与制造发展阶段,美军计划采购100架以上,而美军部分官员正在讨论和鼓吹根据“在亚太作战”的需求,将采购量增加至200架。因此,有专家表示,若美军在亚太部署B-21,将对该地区的安全产生重大影响,甚至引发新一轮军备竞赛。然而,B-21在面对军事大国时有绝对的压制优势吗?答案是否定的。

据悉,美军在B-21论证之初,通过对“潜在对手”的情报和预判,认为该机可突破敌方未来防空系统,确保对其实施精确打击和1小时以上的待机覆盖能力,这不免有“王婆卖瓜”之嫌。一方面,目前隐身技术与反隐身技术正处于高速发展时期,不断涌现出新概念、新技术,彼此压制、超越。

B-21成规模装备部队至少要等到2030年以后,面对一些军事大国的多层立体防空系统,特别是多种反隐身雷达等新型探测设备,B-21的隐身能力还有待考验。

另一方面,B-21与其他战略轰炸机一样,都需要具有完善的保障功能和固定机场,而这些固定设施在战时,必然是敌方首轮攻击的重点目标。如果在面对强大的飞航导弹和战术弹道导弹,B-21的机场比B-21更加“脆弱”。因此,在强敌对抗下,B-21可能难以保证持久的作战能力。

尽管这种轰炸机不会像B-2A那样,成为具有绝对威慑力的革命性机型,但在多数情况下,若敌方的远/中/近程探测系统和远/中/近程拦截系统中的某一个和几个环节比较羸弱,B-21便会展现出非对称优势。

总之,隐身能力仍然是新时期武器装备的研究重点。对于强调要采用相对成熟技术、缩短研制周期的B-21,也明确要求具备先进的全向宽带隐身能力。所以,隐身与反隐身的博弈仍然是未来战争的主题之一。☆

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