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中国军事专家:抗击B-21隐轰比打F-22更容易一些

2016-02-29 10:37:16   环球网

美国空军公布的新一代隐身轰炸机B-21效果图

美国空军26日公布了新一代隐身轰炸机的首张图像。这种外形很像B-2轰炸机的隐身轰炸机将暂时被称作B-21。这款轰炸机未来如果被派到中国周边,中国应该如何应对呢?就此《环球时报》28日采访了两位中国军事专家。

空军专家傅前哨认为,目前美国军方公布的方案不一定是最终方案,最后是否叫B-21也不确定。从理论上讲,按照目前公布的要求看,B-21的隐身性能会比B-2强。两者从外形看差不太多,B-21需要采用其他技术措施进一步改善隐身能力。除了外形,隐身涂料会有所升级,进一步提升隐身性能。就飞行能力看,它比B-2不会有太大变化。从现在的外形看,它基本上还是亚音速飞行,外形主要还是为了隐身,而不是为了适应高速飞行。它的机动性也不会有太大变化。

傅前哨表示,如果美国未来把B-21派到中国周边,对付它的方法很简单。首先,它如果像B-2一样,需要专门的机库,那么它在亚太地区部署的数量将很少。恒温恒湿的苛刻要求将使机库成本非常高。花几百亿造飞机,还要花那么多钱造机库,再加上后勤保障费用。部署的数量会跟B-2类似,或者略多。如果在中国周边部署B-21,相关成本可能比飞机造价还要高,合算吗?其次,周边地区能供它使用的机场是能数得过来的,也就是冲绳、关岛和韩国的几个基地。但不要忘了,飞机是隐身的,但机场隐身不了。任何一款隐身飞机只要停在机场上就隐身不了,而是活靶子。机场不像航母,它跑不了。这种东西吓唬别的国家还行,吓唬中国没有意义。

傅前哨认为,美国未来在亚太大量部署B-21可能性不大。美国已经意识到这个问题,所以才把驻扎在冲绳的海军陆战队分散部署到关岛,因为感到不安全。中国、俄罗斯甚至朝鲜都有办法打击机场。打机场从二战开始就是一种非常成功的战法,前几十年美国打别人的机场比较多,一旦反过来,怎么处置?

另一名中国军事专家认为,B-21的威胁程度还要看它的隐身性能到底有多强。目前发展的一系列反隐身技术,例如多基址雷达、天波雷达、被动雷达、外辐射源雷达等等已经能够发现B-2、F-22这类隐身飞机,尽管这还需要实战检验。B-21如果采用了更新型的全频段、全向隐身技术,现有的技术能不能有效发现还不好说。这也为抗击B-21这类目标增加了变数。但总体来说,打隐身轰炸机要比打类似F-22这类隐身战斗机更容易一些。对付F-22这类综合了隐身、超音速巡航等技术的战斗机,现有第三代防空导弹系统的打击成功率非常低。如果派出战斗机,需要经过激烈的空战。而目前的雷达制导型空对空导弹对付隐身目标也是力不从心。也就是说,即便发现了,也不容易打下来。而对付B-21这类隐身轰炸机,由于其本身的机动性能有限,一旦被发现,可通过引导战斗机实施攻击,进而将其击落。

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