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中国军改为何改革“四总部制”

2016-01-12 08:49:27   解放军报

为何改革?

“客观上影响军委集中统一领导”

在昨日的国防部专题新闻发布会上,国防部新闻局副局长、国防部新闻发言人吴谦表示:“总部制是历史形成的,对推动我军建设发展、保证各项重大任务完成发挥了十分重要的作用。随着形势和任务发展,这种体制存在的问题也日益凸显”。

解放军报2015年11月30日发表的《重塑我军领导指挥体制是强军兴军的必然选择》一文,详细阐述了重塑军队领导指挥体制的理由。

文中写道:“军委主席负责制是我国宪法确定的根本军事制度,是党对军队绝对领导的最高实现形式。我军现行的总部、军区领导指挥体制,集决策、执行、监督职能于一体,暴露出不少弊端。特别是四总部权力过于集中,事实上成了一个独立领导层级,代行了军委许多职能,客观上影响了军委集中统一领导”。

文中强调:“美国、俄罗斯、日本等国,在大力推进作战思想、军事技术、武器装备创新的同时,也在不断进行领导指挥体制的调整创新”;“我军打信息化战争的能力不够、各级指挥信息化战争能力不够的问题比较突出,军事斗争准备中存在不少致命的短板弱项,究其原因,与领导管理体制不够科学、联合作战体制不够健全等体制性障碍密切相关”。

怎么改?

使军委机关成为参谋、执行、服务机关

解放军报发自2015年12月30日的报道显示,军委机关的调整当时已经启动。

报道称:一位总部机关工作的战友,在这次改革调整中被安排到新组建的单位工作。问起他的感受,他说:一是坚决服从,感恩组织;二是边学边干,重新起步。

解放军报发文强调:由军委总部体制改为军委多部门制,绝不是换一换名称、缩一缩机构、减一减人员那么简单,而是新中国成立以来领导指挥体制变动最大的一次,是一次结构性、革命性的体系重塑。

解放军报的文章称,领导指挥体制改革后,军委机关由“总部制”调整为“多部制”,原来权力高度集中的“总部领导机关”,变成权力互相有所制约的“军委办事机关”。强化军委集中统一领导,强化军委主席负责制,真正使军队的最高领导权、指挥权集中于党中央、中央军委。

而且,为解决军队“头重脚轻尾巴长”的突出问题,军委机关带头精简,局以上减少一个领导层级,普遍降低机构等级,大量压缩机构数量和人员编制员额,大幅度减少直属单位。

解放军报还披露,改革将重点解决纪检、巡视、审计、司法监督独立性和权威性不够的问题,通过改革推动形成决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调的权力运行制约和监督体系。

解放军报披露,为此,组建新的军委纪委,由军委直接领导,同时向军委机关部门和战区分别派驻纪检组。军委审计署由军委直接领导,审计监督全部实行派驻审计。

同时组建新的军委政法委,由军委直接领导,解放军军事法院和检察院由军委政法委领导,同时调整军事司法体制,按区域设置军事法院、军事检察院。

在昨日的新闻发布会上,吴谦也表示:“总部制”改为“多部制”,是按照军委管总、战区主战、军种主建的总原则,优化军委机关职能配置和机构设置,突出核心职能,整合相近职能,加强监督职能,充实协调职能,使军委机关成为军委的参谋机关、执行机关、服务机关。

吴谦强调,上述调整有三个“有利于”:有利于坚持党对军队绝对领导和军委集中统一领导,有利于军委机关履行战略谋划和宏观管理职能,有利于加强权力运行制约和监督。

责任编辑:张海潮
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