小寒:腊八喝粥 年味渐浓

2019-01-04 17:24:01    中华网文化

陕西不产或者少产大米的地方,不吃腊八粥,而是吃腊八面。用各种果品、蔬菜做成臊子,把面条擀好。到腊月初八早上全家人一起吃。

甘肃传统煮腊八粥用五谷、蔬菜,煮熟后除家人吃,还分送给邻里,还要用来喂家畜。武威地区讲究过“素腊八”,吃大米稠饭、扁豆饭或是稠饭,煮熟后配炸馓子、麻花同吃,民俗叫它“扁豆粥泡馓”。

宁夏做腊八饭一般用各种豆类加大米、土豆煮粥,再加上用麦面或荞麦面切成菱形柳叶片的“麦穗子”,或者是做成小圆蛋的“雀儿头”,出锅之前再入葱花油。

西宁腊八节并不喝粥,而是吃麦仁饭。腊月初七晚上将新碾的麦仁,与牛羊肉同煮,加上青盐、姜皮、花椒、草果、苗香等作料,经一夜文火煮熬,麦仁饭异香扑鼻,十分可口。

江苏人吃腊八粥分甜咸两种。腊八粥里要加入茨菰、荸荠、胡桃仁、松子仁、芡实、红枣、栗子、木耳、青菜、金针菇等。如果煮的是咸粥的话,在里面加入青菜和油即可。

熬制膏方,挤油渣渣

到了小寒时节,也是老中医和中药房最忙的时候,一般入冬时熬制的膏方都吃得差不多了。到了此时,有的人家会再熬制一点,吃到春节前后。

到了小寒,老南京人一般会煮菜饭吃。菜饭的内容并不相同,有用矮脚黄青菜与咸肉片、香肠片或是板鸭丁,再剁上一些生姜粒与糯米一起煮的,十分香鲜可口。其中矮脚黄、香肠、板鸭都是南京的著名特产,可谓是真正的“南京菜饭”,甚至可与腊八粥相媲美。

俗话说,“小寒大寒,冷成冰团”。南京人在小寒季节里有一套地域特色的体育锻炼方式,如跳绳、踢毽子、滚铁环,挤油渣渣(靠着墙壁相互挤)、斗鸡(盘起一脚,一脚独立,相互对斗)等。如果遇到下雪,则更是欢呼雀跃,打雪仗、堆雪人,很快就会全身暖和,血脉通畅。熊慕东

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