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美媒关注中国建设浮动核电站 将成世界核电领导者

2017-08-22 00:55:15   参考消息

参考消息网8月22日报道 美媒称,中国正走在成为世界核电领导者的道路上,其37座反应堆已经生产了32.4千兆瓦的电力,目前还有超过20个反应堆正在建设中。

据美国《大众科学》月刊网站8月19日报道,而今,中国想带头在开阔水域建设核电站,这些浮动的核电站可以为石油钻井平台和沿海岛屿提供电力,或者前往受灾海岸提供救援。浮动核电站通常安装在宽阔的船体上,通常拥有大型陆基核电站25%的能力,这些浮式反应堆可以定位在快速需要电力的沿海和近海地区(如遭海啸袭击的地区),或者租给紧急需要即时供电的客户。


资料图:秦山第二核电厂2号机组核反应堆厂房。新华社发

报道称,中国核能电力股份有限公司正在与中国造船厂和电机公司合作开发一个1.5亿美元的项目,核反应堆供应商和造船厂的结合表明,浮式核反应堆将成为合资企业的重点。该项目可能随后扩大到包括其他核动力民用船——如破冰船等在内,但现在人们似乎聚集于浮式反应堆。一段时间以来,中国一直在规划船舶核设施:中国广核集团有限公司在2016年1月宣布,它将建成一个浮动式ACPR50S反应堆,将于2020年投入使用,热电产量达200兆瓦,电力产量达60兆瓦。

2015年,中国核工业集团公司与英国劳埃德船级社签署一项协议,协助开发一个海上100兆瓦的ACP100型反应堆,这很可能是这个合资企业的启动项目。

中国国防科工局副局长、国家原子能机构副主任王毅韧表示,中国将优先考虑发展浮式核反应堆,以便为海上石油和天然气钻井平台提供动力,以及运营偏远岛屿上的海水淡化厂和设备。

报道称,浮式核反应堆也可以为中国水下采矿作业和海军使用的深水后勤基地提供电力。

将核反应堆置于船上,向偏远岛屿、海上设施和沿海地区供电不是一个新点子,美国陆军早在1967年就建造了世界上第一个浮式反应堆——SS“斯特吉斯”MH-1A。它于1968年至1975年间向巴拿马运河区提供动力,1977年被废弃。几十年后,在2010年,俄罗斯启动了2.1万吨70兆瓦的“罗蒙诺索夫院士”号漂浮核电站,预计将在2018年或2019年部署在偏远的堪察加半岛上的维柳恰湾。

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