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俄媒称中国北斗将成全球性导航系统 不必受美国制约

2017-08-22 00:48:39   参考消息

参考消息网8月22日报道 俄媒称,打造中俄联合轨道集群(由50-55颗卫星组成)有助于在世界任何地方使用北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)。现在许多亚洲国家在使用北斗卫星导航系统。俄罗斯政府专家理事会成员、俄罗斯科学院通讯院士安德烈·约宁接受了卫星通讯社的采访,就俄罗斯格洛纳斯卫星导航系统和中国北斗卫星导航系统兼容试验结束作出了上述表示。

资料图片:北斗卫星导航系统模型。新华社记者鞠焕宗摄

据俄罗斯卫星网8月19日报道,约宁说,在打造统一的卫星集群后,“对美国人及欧洲人可能动向的担忧将完全消除”。他指出,美国人可以切断全球卫星定位系统,借助它做想做的一切事情,但这已经对格洛纳斯和北斗服务的消费者没有任何影响。

报道称,中俄专家对格洛纳斯和北斗沿丝路经济带导航条件的研究同时结束。在俄罗斯境内,试验路线在富有前景的“欧洲-中国西部”国际交通走廊地段进行,往返总路程约7000公里。中国专家则沿着西安-兰州-乌鲁木齐-霍尔果斯的路线进行试验,总长度超过3200公里。

报道称,双方分析了导航系统的运行条件、同时使用两个导航系统的可能干扰、研究交通线的覆盖程度,以及高精度导航所需的其他参数。所得数据有助于中俄两国研究者们就以下问题得出结论:格洛纳斯和北斗两个系统联合运行时比它们各自单独运行的精度能高出多少。

约宁不怀疑,北斗在2020年前就将成为中国军人的全球性卫星导航系统。

报道称,中国定下这项任务,约宁表示没有丝毫怀疑,中国将解决这个任务。中国有计划地发射卫星,因为他们目前的轨道集群还缺乏一些卫星构成,以便进行全球覆盖。中国在2020年将前有30颗卫星在轨,这对在任何时刻任何地点解决本国军事任务来说已经足够。但全球性的北斗将只能用作军事目的,30颗卫星不足以满足民用目的,因为在大多消费者居住在城市的条件下,需要50到55颗卫星。也就是说,中俄联合卫星集群足够它们使用。在这个方案中,北斗成为全球性的卫星导航系统,就像GPS和格洛纳斯一样。可以随便称呼这个轨道集群——中俄轨道集群、上合组织成员国轨道集群、金砖国家轨道集群……主要的是,它将是独立的,因此在打造结束后,所有想使用这个轨道集群的国家都可以不再担忧美国人及欧洲人的任何动向。

专家解释说,在中俄、中美、俄美伙伴一方与美国一方爆发冲突的情况下,格洛纳斯和北斗导航服务的所有消费者无论如何都不会受损。这对担忧遭到包括与使用GPS在内的美国制裁的所有国家来说都很重要。

在试验过程中分析了格洛纳斯和北斗未来联合系统提供高精度导航服务的可能性,也就是说,把坐标位置确定在几十厘米,甚至几厘米的精度内,而不是10米到15米的精度内。约宁指出,确实,对现行汽车货运或铁路运输来说,目前这个问题显得不是那么迫切。

对未来运输方式来说,也就是所谓的“智能驾驶”或“部分无人驾驶”,还有所谓的“商队驾驶”,也就是说多辆货车组成某种蛇形编队,由第一辆汽车的司机引导整个商队,这一切都是必要的。这里需要的正是高精度导航。因此,已经开始为未来研究这个问题,这非常好。

报道称,按照俄罗斯专家的估计,就像整个项目一样,试验成果有助于在未来几十年为中俄消费者确保提供高精度的卫星导航服务。中俄联合导航系统是一个战略项目。上述合作方向被双方视为是高科技领域内最具前景的一个方向,这决非偶然。

责任编辑:任冲 CN062
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