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中俄加新客机或打破空客波音垄断 中国客机威胁最大

2017-07-18 01:31:24   参考消息

参考消息网7月18日报道 美媒称,波音公司和空中客车集团突然有了竞争对手。近二十年来,这两家公司几乎垄断了全球大型商用飞机市场。但这种局面正在发生变化,来自中国、俄罗斯和加拿大的三个新竞争对手也在推出它们自己进军所谓单通道飞机市场的产品。

据美国《华尔街日报》网站7月16日报道,眼下这些新飞机的订单寥寥无几,俄罗斯和中国的制造商在数年内也还无法交付飞机。而且,目前还不确定新飞机会有多受欢迎。

与此同时,波音和空客久经考验的同类型飞机的销量依然很高。

不过,哪怕这些新的竞争机型中只有一款取得成功,也有可能威胁到波音和空客利润最丰厚的业务领域之一。

5月5日,中国首款国际主流水准的干线客机C919在上海浦东国际机场安全落地后滑行。新华社记者丁汀摄

报道称,全球最大的飞机买家之一卡塔尔航空公司的首席执行官阿克巴尔·贝克尔近日表示,如果有适用机型,“我对于购买俄罗斯或中国飞机没有任何意见”。

上述突如其来的竞争是波音和空客这两家飞机制造商不常遇到的事情,在其他市场需求减弱之际也加大了二者面临的压力。体型较大的远程飞机销售情况远不及单通道飞机(也被称为窄体飞机),而且波音和空客近来都苦于应付成本严重超支、部分军用飞机项目延迟等问题。

报道称,窄体飞机市场多年来一直是该行业一个丰厚的利润点。大型航空公司和快速发展的廉价航空公司都喜欢窄体客机,因为这种客机的机体较小且更加省油。在上个月的巴黎航展上,波音推出了230座的最新最大版本的737Max。波音737Max系列客机的未完成订单超过3600架。

与此同时,空客已经售出了逾5000架A320neo系列客机。A320neo是737Max的竞争机型,已于去年开始交付给客户。

报道称,在市场如此繁荣之际,三个新的竞争对手强势涌入。中国C919窄体客机在5月初完成首飞。这种由国有企业中国商用飞机有限责任公司制造的飞机已经获得了超过500架的订单,买家主要来自中国。第一架C919预计将于2020年前后交付。中国商飞对置评请求未予回复。

俄罗斯的MC-21飞机也在5月完成了首飞。这种飞机的最大载客量为211人,由伊尔库特公司制造。伊尔库特公司说它已经接到了175架订单,目前还在准备进行更多测试,而第一架飞机将于2019年交付。

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