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【环球时报驻美国特约记者 韩莎莎 环球时报特约记者 刘皓然】“旧金山机场上演惊魂一刻!”本月7日发生的一场民航安全事故引发国际舆论高度重视:一架加航客机降落时错飞跑道,险些酿成国际民航史上最严重的一起事故。目前,美国和加拿大当局已分别对此事展开调查。
据美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)12日报道,美国联邦航空局发布声明称,事发客机是加拿大航空公司的一架空客A320型飞机,编号759,7日晚从加拿大多伦多抵达美国旧金山。11日,美国多家媒体根据民航部门的音频资料还原了当时的“惊险一幕”:该客机临近降落时,地面控制塔指示机场“右28”跑道可供降落,但出乎意料的是,飞行员并未对准目标跑道,而是驶向与这条跑道完全平行的“滑行C道”。一位美联航飞行员对控制台方面发出警示说:“加拿大那架飞机冲我们过来了!”控制塔急忙向该机发出指令,要求其立即爬升,这才避免撞机惨剧的发生。美国《圣何塞信使报》称,加航客机在紧急爬升前,距离地面高度仅为50多米。当时,滑行C道上共有4架满载乘客的飞机在待命,5架航班乘客和机组人员共有约1000人。鉴于等待起飞的4架航班燃料充足,一旦事故发生,现场很可能化为一片火海,造成国际民航史上伤亡最惨重的一起空难。英国广播公司(BBC)称,全球最严重的一起撞机事故1977年发生在西班牙加那利群岛,当时两架波音客机在跑道上相撞,共造成583人遇难。
事发后,美国联邦航空局和美国国家运输安全委员会都已对此事展开调查。加拿大《多伦多星报》称,加航目前对涉事飞行员的身份、履历及是否应担责等问询守口如瓶,仅表示相关调查还在进行中。
据了解,旧金山国际机场一共有4条飞机跑道、呈两两交叉的“井”字状态分布。加航客机当晚降落时,所面对的是“左28”和“右28”两道。分析称,飞机抵达时,“左28”一侧的灯光已经熄灭,飞行员可能失去参照物,误把在跑道右侧的滑行C道当成“右28”。专家认为,该事件中地面控制塔的工作状态堪忧:尽管事发时机场交通繁忙,但控制塔内似乎只有一人值班;此次加航客机的飞行失误最先也是由地面待命的飞行员发现的。而加拿大广播公司称,旧金山机场“紧凑”的设计可能也是导致这场事故的原因之一。曾多次在该机场起降的前飞行员考克斯称,该机场两跑道间相隔仅229米左右,这一间距在全球民用机场的跑道中是最为狭小的,十分考验飞行员“精准飞行”的能力。他同时还质疑了加航飞行员的资质:因为飞机跑道和滑行道的灯光颜色标记截然不同,职业飞行员理应具备识别能力。
原标题:旧金山机场惊魂一刻:加航客机错飞跑道,险酿史上最惨空难
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