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军方罕见披露海军常规潜艇使用进展:已掌握AIP技术

2017-06-15 10:02:37   环球时报

原标题:军方罕见披露我常规潜艇使用进展

【环球时报-环球网报道记者郭媛丹】根据6月14日官方媒体一则公开报道可以分析,中国海军已经熟练掌握AIP(“不依赖空气推进技术”)技术,并可推测中国海军常规潜艇已装备该系统,并达到世界先进水平。

官方媒体是在宣传中国海军一个人物事迹中透露上述信息的。国防部网站上一篇题为《二级军士长肖海生:中国潜艇AIP系统第一人》的文章中表示,我国首艘AIP潜艇服役以来,肖海生10多年“零失误、零差错”,保障潜艇完成首次极限深潜、首次远航等50多次重大任务,安全潜航数十万海里。

这是官方首次对外证实中国常规潜艇已经装备AIP系统,并且时间长达十多年之久。一位不愿意透露姓名的业内人士14日对《环球时报》表示,这则人物事迹背后透露出该项技术已经非常成熟,并且被广泛装备于海军潜艇部队。此次公开也展示出中国海军的自信,表明该项技术已经达到世界先进水平。

常规动力潜艇在水下航行时用蓄电池提供动力,一旦蓄电用尽就要浮出水面附近利用发电机进行充电。对于潜艇而言,潜航时间长短和隐蔽性的强弱是在战场上决定胜负最至关重要的因素。而AIP技术恰好有利于解决这两大问题,其无需从空气中获取氧气,也就意味着潜艇潜航时间更长、隐蔽性更强。AIP技术的出现被称为常规潜艇技术的飞跃性革命。

这位业内人士表示,从报道可以看出,已经发展了十多年AIP系统的中国常规潜艇性能较过去中国的035、039系列的潜艇有了质的飞跃。AIP技术使用大幅降低了潜艇噪声,能使潜艇在水下长期航行,增强了潜艇的隐蔽性,进而大大提升了我国海军作战实力。

不仅如此,潜艇部队已经培养了一大批掌握此项技术和熟练操作运用AIP系统的专业人员,他们不仅满足了潜般部队日常训练和战备的需求,而且具备了独立自主维护保养和排除故障的能力,有理由相信,一大批由士官组成的行家能手正成为中国海军常规潜艇新的战斗力形成和生长的重要力量。

另一位研究者14接受《环球时报》采访时表示,目前世界范围内广泛使用的AIP系统主要有两种,一种是斯特林发动机,一种是燃料电池。中国潜艇使用的是斯特林发动机,是目前最成熟的AIP系统之一,瑞典是该技术的发明国,日本也在使用该技术。德国等一些欧洲国家和韩国在使用燃料电池AIP技术。

这位研究者认为,从原理上讲,比斯特林发动机和燃料电池技术性能更进一步的AIP技术是不存在的。从发展方向上讲,可以有所改进是使整个系统可以更加简化,比如德国、法国、日本等常规潜艇大国正在研究用锂电池替换潜艇上的铅酸电池,锂电池的容量和充放电时间比铅酸电池更上一层楼。锂电池的配置意味着即便不装AIP技术,潜航里程和性能也能达到同等效果。这位研究者认为这是常规潜艇未来的发展方向。此外目前很多潜艇使用大国开始大规模引进无人潜器,这势必会大幅提高潜艇作战能力。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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