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日媒:中国钢铁产量持续走高 对世界响力巨大(图)

2017-05-27 08:32:09   参考消息

参考消息网5月27日报道   日媒称,在钢铁行业,中国风险重燃的可能性正在出现。据世界钢铁协会发布的数据,4月全球67个国家和地区的粗钢产量比上年同月增长5%,达到1.42亿吨,连续12个月增加。起拉动作用的是占世界粗钢产量一半的中国。中国的产量已连续2个月创出了历史新高。日本国内钢铁企业越来越担心被卷入中国钢材行情的波动。

资料图片:工人在检查钢轨质量新华社发

据《日本经济新闻》网站5月26日报道,“自4月前后起,中国的加工企业采取了观望态度。这种趋势逐渐变得明显”,日本钢铁流通行业相关人士如此分析中国的钢材行情。从广泛用于汽车和家电的热轧卷来看,中国国内的交易价格自2016年秋季以后进入上涨局面,2017年2月涨至每吨约500美元。随后,由于受到原料价格下跌的拖累,4月中旬与最近的顶峰相比已下跌2成左右。目前虽略有复苏,但仍充满不确定性。

报道称,在世界范围具有压倒性产量的中国的微小变化,都将对世界钢铁企业造成巨大的影响。

“占生产钢材整体约3成左右的通用品完全与国际行情联动”,日本钢铁企业JFE控股公司社长林田英治如此分析公司所处的经营环境。日本国内的钢铁行业在2000年代以后积极推进了重组,几乎全被并购到了新日铁住金和JFE控股这两大集团旗下。原本以为能提高针对需求方的价格谈判力,但中国等新兴市场国家的粗钢生产扩大速度及影响超过了预期。新日铁住金2016财年(截至2017年3月)的单独业绩时隔4年陷入营业亏损等,盈利能力明显降低。“我们过去推进重组的努力被中国大增产的影响彻底抹消了”,推进钢铁重组的一位关键人士回忆说。

报道认为,所谓“铁就是国家”,钢铁的产量象征着国力。日本在上世纪90年代初期是世界最大的粗钢产出国,但1996年被中国超越,现在两国的产量相差8倍。另外,从2017年3月(速报值)的数据来看,日本还被印度赶超。虽然在4月(速报值)的统计数据中,日本再次回到第二的位置,但印度正在推进高炉增设工程。日本在不久的将来可能就会成为稳定的“世界第三”。

《日本经济新闻》称,中国的增产和印度的崛起,全球钢铁产业的主导权由日美等发达国家完全转移到了新兴市场国家。

责任编辑:杨晓晨 CN067
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