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油气体制改革方案出台 多元化市场竞争将成为趋势

2017-05-22 02:05:30   北京晨报

近日,中共中央、国务院印发了《关于深化石油天然气体制改革的若干意见》(以下简称意见),明确了深化石油天然气体制改革的指导思想、基本原则、总体思路和主要任务。这一备受关注的油气体制改革有哪些主要看点?新华社记者采访了有关人士。

看点1完善并有序放开勘采体制

意见称,实行勘查区块竞争出让制度和更加严格的区块退出机制,加强安全、环保等资质管理,在保护性开发的前提下,允许符合准入要求并获得资质的市场主体参与常规油气勘查开采,逐步形成以大型国有油气公司为主导、多种经济成分共同参与的勘查开采体系。

中国石油大学教授董秀成说,进一步多元化的市场竞争局面将成为未来趋势。要积极推进准入制度改革,在国家总体控制的基础上设置适当的准入门槛,让真正有实力、有勘探开发资质的企业进入油气上游勘探开发领域,建立科学、合理和严格的市场准入机制。

看点2完善油气进出口管理体制

意见明确,完善油气进出口管理体制,提升国际国内资源利用能力和市场风险防范能力。建立以规范的资质管理为主的原油进口动态管理制度。

中国国际经济交流中心研究员景春梅说,建立以规范的资质管理为主的原油进口动态管理制度,有利于提升油品质量,规范市场秩序,促进炼油产业优化升级。为了使炼油行业健康发展,有必要强调资质管理。未来我国可能会逐步建立起原油进口资质管理的动态评价机制,只有油品质量符合评价机制要求才允许进口。

看点3分步推进干线管道独立

意见指出,改革油气管网运营机制,提升集约输送和公平服务能力。分步推进国有大型油气企业干线管道独立,实现管输和销售分开。

中国石油经济技术研究院发展战略研究所研究员张卫忠表示,近年来,推进干线管道独立、管输和销售分离、民营企业公平接入等呼声很高,此次意见也明确了这一改革方向。意见提出分步推进国有大型油气企业干线管道独立,这是比较稳妥的,符合当前中国油气行业的实际。

看点4改革油气产品定价机制

意见指出,改革油气产品定价机制,有效释放竞争性环节市场活力。完善成品油价格形成机制,发挥市场决定价格的作用,保留政府在价格异常波动时的调控权。推进非居民用气价格市场化,进一步完善居民用气定价机制。依法合规加快油气交易平台建设,鼓励符合资质的市场主体参与交易,通过市场竞争形成价格。

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