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美媒对比四国航母实力 中国航母究竟处于什么位置

2017-04-28 14:25:21   参考消息

美国雅虎新闻网站4月25日发表题为《中国航母与其他军事强国相比怎么样》的报道称,中国尚未命名的国产航母满载排水量约为7万吨,长315米,宽75米,比在乌克兰建造的中国唯一现役航母辽宁舰略大。

虽然国产航母下水被一些人誉为中国掌握海军技术的标志,但另外一些军事观察人士则指出,中国的海军实力仍然只相当于美国的4%左右。

中国的新航母在正式投入使用后也不会独自出海航行。航母一般编队行动,主舰位于编队中心,其他空中和海上装备则提供保护和支持。

那么中国的航母编队与其他军事强国相比怎么样?

中国航母:1艘在役1艘下水

辽宁舰今年一直在南中国海进行舰载机起飞和降落训练。

日本共同社在一篇报道中援引该国防务省的话说,辽宁舰编队包括3艘导弹驱逐舰、3艘护卫舰、1艘补给舰以及歼-15战斗机和多架舰载直升机。

中国媒体说,尽管水文气象条件给舰载机起降训练带来了诸多挑战,但训练为航母编队战斗力形成积累了重要经验。

美国航母:10艘在服役

美国不但拥有世界上最大的海军,而且美国海军拥有超过75年的舰载航空经验。

一个美国“航母打击群”——美国海军最大的作战单位——通常包括1艘航母、7500名人员、1艘拥有远程打击能力的导弹巡洋舰、一个由6到8艘驱逐舰或护卫舰组成的用于防御空袭的小型舰队、1艘用于摧毁敌方潜艇和舰船的攻击型潜艇、1艘弹药补给船以及65至70架飞机。

长333米的美国10万吨级核动力航母“卡尔·文森”号于今年2月开始在南中国海巡逻。在朝鲜核计划引发的紧张局势升级之际,“卡尔·文森”号航母打击群曾奉命驶向朝鲜半岛。据美国军方说,这个航母打击群包括一个舰载机联队、2艘导弹驱逐舰以及1艘导弹巡洋舰。

美国海军网站称,航母打击群能够用于保护经济或军事航行和海上两栖部队。

美国之前曾表示,按照奥巴马政府的“重返亚洲”政策,它将在2020年之前把60%的美国海军力量调往亚太地区。特朗普在竞选期间曾承诺升级美军的硬件和人力,包括建造80艘先进军舰。

英国航母:2艘在建

英国目前没有现役航母,但正在建造2艘6.7万吨级的伊丽莎白女王级航母——该国有史以来建造的最大航母。首舰“伊丽莎白女王”号航母已于2014年下水,预计将于2021年完工并具备作战能力。2号舰“威尔士亲王”号航母将比它晚2年完工。

这2艘航母的设计搭载能力为36架F35B隐形战斗机和4架“灰背隼”直升机,而且能够搭载“支奴干”和“阿帕奇”直升机。每个航母打击群也将包括隐形战斗机、一个舰载机联队以及驱逐舰和护卫舰,很可能还包括1艘潜艇。

印度航母:1艘下水2艘在建

印度用俄制航母改装而成的4.457万吨级“超日王”号航空母舰于2013年正式下水。

印度还在建造4万吨级的“维克兰特”号航母,预计将于2023年完工,成为印度第一艘完全国产的航母。据《印度时报》去年报道,“维克兰特”号航母将能够搭载30架飞机,包括直升机。

此外,据外交学者网站报道,印度还在建造由核反应堆提供动力的6.5万吨级“维沙尔”号航母。它将能够搭载55架飞机,包括35架固定翼战斗机和20架旋翼飞机。

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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