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中朝关系或更糟糕,中国应有所准备

2017-04-28 14:10:19   环球时报

中国严格执行安理会制裁朝鲜的决议已是各方有目共睹的现实,如果平壤继续开展核导活动,中国支持安理会通过更严厉的对朝制裁决议也将势在必行。

中朝关系已经受到严重影响,自金正恩担任朝鲜最高领导人以来,中朝从未有过元首会晤,两国的外交渠道虽然保持畅通,但双方的战略互信所剩无几,沟通出现严重障碍。

随着半岛局势进一步恶化,中朝关系很可能比现在变得更糟糕,平壤或许会点名公开抨击北京,甚至采取某些不友好动作,中方对此应有所准备。

中朝曾经有过鲜血凝成的友谊,它对应了上个世纪东北亚地缘政治的逻辑,也契合了当时中朝两国的国家利益。今天的中朝关系首先应当是正常国家关系,两国也可在此基础上做更亲密的朋友,但它的前提必须是不违背中国的国家利益,不让北京为平壤的极端政策埋单。

朝鲜拥核严重违背中国国家利益,而且被安理会一致反对,平壤希望北京纵容它开展核导活动,要求中国拒绝参加安理会制裁,这是中国决不能同意的。

半岛问题总体上是美朝矛盾的体现,但是朝鲜在距离中国边界不到100公里的地方搞核试验,威胁到中国东北的安全。另外朝鲜发展核导技术刺激了东北亚局势,给美国加强在这一地区的战略部署提供了借口,这一切使得中国无法置身事外。

中国反对朝鲜拥核的态度不能有一丝松动。中朝关系受损,中韩关系也因“萨德”问题急转直下,中国同时与半岛南北方僵持,而且我们还像是“帮美国的忙”,费力不讨好,一些国人对此想不通。但必须指出,中美有各自的战略利益,区别很大,然而反对朝鲜发展核导技术,双方的共同利益是真实的。北京向平壤施压,首先是捍卫自己的国家利益,不是在“为美国打工”。

中朝关系恶化,一些国人还担心,这会让中国在美韩面前更没有牌打,也会让中国在东北亚失去战略屏障。然而需要看到,朝鲜至少眼下已经同中国的战略利益背道而驰,从长远看,中朝关系的主动权无疑掌握在中国的手中。只要朝鲜弃核,中朝关系将很容易重回正轨,北京会鼓励平壤在核问题上的态度松动。

如果朝核问题持续发酵,最终半岛生战难以避免。半岛战争带给中国的风险要比严厉制裁朝鲜所产生的麻烦严重得多,如果中国现在不下力气,未来的选择将更加艰难。

平壤对中国制裁最大的反弹会是什么呢?我们相信,中国再怎么制裁朝鲜,与对它进行军事威胁的美韩有质的不同。朝鲜只要尚存一丝理性,就不会走与中国军事对立的那一步。如果平壤将中朝矛盾推向进一步丧失理性的质变,那么中国有足够能力驾驭变局,维护中国的国家安全。

只要中国彻底打消平壤可以通过外交手腕促北京缓解制裁的幻想,那么中方对它的威严就将确立起来,并发挥作用。朝鲜将在无法逆转的长期孤立和另走一条国家安全道路之间重新抉择。

诚然,“双暂停”是中国的真正目标。美韩不断加大在半岛的军事部署与解决朝核问题背道而驰,如何向美韩施压,中国手里的牌不多。推动美韩与中国的努力相向而行,是北京面对的另一挑战。

要明确告诉美韩,中国不是解决朝核问题的关键钥匙,中国也决不会以它们的利益作为中国制定对朝政策的出发点。它们的思路必须与中方的思路相互靠近,而不是一个压倒另一个的关系。北京希望帮着寻找各方利益和主张的最大公约数,如果失败,半岛局势最终走向摊牌,中国既不怕朝鲜,也不怕美韩,我们有足够力量对肆意踩踏中国利益红线的任何一方予以回击。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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