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人民日报:劳动者工资水平仍偏低 该怎么涨工资?

2016-11-18 11:01:52   人民日报

原标题:降成本,该怎么涨工资(民生视线)

《人民日报》(2016年11月18日17版)

今年前9个月,北京、上海、江苏等9个省份上调最低工资标准,平均涨幅10.7%。一些企业提出:调高工资增加了企业的用工成本,是不是与“降成本”的大方向背道而驰?也有专家担心,工资增长过快,可能促使企业通过机器换人来降成本,最终不利于劳动者。

发展经济说到底是为了增加百姓福祉,工资该涨还得涨;企业经营难题摆在那里,成本压力也要化解。降成本、涨工资两不误,关键是紧紧扭住“提高劳动生产率”这个牛鼻子,降低企业综合成本,实现劳资双赢。

劳动力成本怎么降,工资如何涨?让我们听听企业和专家的说法。

——编者

工资增速总体上未超劳动生产率

普通劳动者总体工资福利水平仍然偏低,未来还应逐步提高

近几年工资是不是涨得太快了?

“做老板的都希望员工工资不涨或干脆降一些。可是你看,物价在涨、房价在涨,普通员工的工资涨得真不快。”王昱在北京一家大型药企做行政工作已5年,她算了算账,进企业时月薪7000元,现在刚刚达到1万,如果把通货膨胀考虑进去,远远不如GDP跑得快。

企业的看法恰恰相反。“这两年市场形势不好,企业亏损,即便这样,每年还是不得不大幅涨工资。”浙江振石集团东方特钢有限公司财务经理刘俊贤说。河南宇通客车集团财务中心的负责人介绍,过去5年该企业员工工资平均每年要涨约10%,而这一阶段恰恰是制造业企业普遍不太景气、经营困难的时期。

工资增长多少算合适?

中国劳动学会副会长苏海南表示,工资跑赢CPI,是工资正常增长的底线,否则劳动者实际工资下降,日子会越过越差。工资跑赢GDP,是让百姓分享经济发展成果的题中应有之义,也是深化收入分配制度改革的内容。工资在一定范围内涨得比这两者快,都是合理正常的增长。

除了比照CPI、GDP,判断工资是不是过快增长,还有一个参照系,即劳动生产率。如果工资快速增长、而同期劳动生产率提高得更快,总体上就不会对企业的劳动力成本、对特定经济体的劳动力比较优势造成影响,也就不能说工资涨得过快。我国收入分配改革的原则之一正是“劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步”。

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