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“三去一降一补”成效外溢显著

2017-08-21 08:42:16   光明日报

【当前经济形势怎么看】

钢铁行业去产能已经完成全年目标,煤炭行业完成74%;全国待售房面积64577万平方米,达到28个月最低;截至6月末,规模以上工业企业资产负债率同比下降0.8个百分点;减税降费新措施预计全年可为企业减负超过1万亿元;上半年生态环保、教育、水利、交通投资分别增长46%、17.8%、17.5%和14.7%……

数据显示,今年以来,供给侧结构性改革五大重要任务——“三去一降一补”(去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板)取得阶段性进展,外溢效益更加显著。虽然经济发展正经历提速换挡的阵痛,但总体爬坡过坎的势头已渐渐萌芽。随着“三去一降一补”的不断深入,一些良性变化正在悄然发生。

去产能增效益

一车车废钢烂铁被送进中频炉内,一个小时后熔化出钢坯,再经过平房里的轧材生产线,变成一根根质量参差的“地条钢”——这样的厂房密集分布在苏南乡镇上,每隔三五里就会出现一座钢结构厂房,旁边匍匐着一大排低矮的平房,一两根细长的烟囱高耸入云。

如今,大量藏匿在各地偏远私营钢厂的灰色产能逐渐浮出水面。“去年地方响应国家去产能政策,我们厂就被打掉了。”林老板是苏南一家中频炉厂的合伙人,他们的炉子在去年以来的“地条钢”整治行动中被全部拆除,同样被取缔的厂子在当地还有七八家。

半年来,我国去产能步伐加快,依法取缔“地条钢”,上半年累计化解钢铁过剩产能595万吨,已提前完成全年任务。抓住处置“僵尸企业”这个牛鼻子,上半年煤炭去产能1.11亿吨,完成年度目标任务的74%。加上去年的2.9亿吨,累计退出煤炭产能超过4亿吨,占“十三五”时期8亿吨目标任务的50%。

去产能的不断深入换来企业资产状况的持续好转。数据显示,今年前6个月,全国规模以上煤炭企业利润总额达1474.8亿元,同比增加1403.1亿元。在中国宝武钢铁集团,上半年化解过剩产能300万吨,与此同时企业实现营业收入2204亿元,利润86.6亿元,同比分别增长61%、100%,继续保持业界最优。

在东北,供给侧结构性改革带来的变化尤为显著。上半年,辽宁清理的66户“地条钢”企业全部验收完成。“产能下去了,效益却上来了。”本钢集团董事长陈继壮说,当前本钢把主要业务转换为汽车用钢等高端产品,上半年集团销售收入、利润同比分别上升35.77%、112.72%。

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