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人民日报:谈判协商是解决南海问题的唯一出路

2016-07-14 07:55:08   人民日报

中国有关南海问题的白皮书带来和平合作的清新气息,南海和平稳定牵系中国和其他南海周边国家的共同福祉

中国国务院新闻办公室7月13日发表《中国坚持通过谈判解决中国与菲律宾在南海的有关争议》白皮书,还原中菲南海有关争议的事实真相,重申中国在南海问题上的一贯立场和政策。

洋洋两万余字,回溯昭昭两千多年青史,列举凿凿证据。中国郑重向国际社会表明,在长期历史过程中,中国确立了对南海的主权和在南海的相关权益,中国人民早已成为南海诸岛的主人。任何有良知的人都会由此更加意识到,黑白不容颠倒,是非不容混淆。

2013年菲律宾阿基诺三世政府单方面就中菲南海争议提起的所谓强制仲裁,就是漏洞百出的闹剧。中国从一开始就理直气壮亮明了“不接受、不参与”的立场。关心地区和平稳定的域内外国家纷纷发声支持,力挺中国坚持谈判协商解决南海争议的立场。这不仅体现了中国作为维护南海和平稳定一方所具有的强大感召力,也展现了国际社会对于中国坚持同有关国家通过谈判协商方式解决南海争议的期待。

由于历史原因,南海地区仍存在一些涉及领土主权、海洋权益争端的复杂难题。解决这些难题,不仅是划定一条海上界限的问题。要让一条海上界限得到接受和尊重,必然要涉及历史、法律、政治乃至民族感情等诸多因素。对于利益深度交融、命运紧密相连的地区国家来说,相比第三方争端解决机制,谈判协商的方式在解决复杂敏感的领土和海洋划界争端中占据着更多优势。它最能体现各国的自主意愿和主权平等谈判结果,最易为当事国人民所接受,引起的震动也最小。

多年来,中国始终寻求在尊重历史事实的基础上,根据国际法原则,通过谈判协商解决有关争议,并与有关国家作出了积极努力,体现了大国胸怀和担当。2002年,中国与东盟十国共同签署的《南海各方行为宣言》第四条明确规定:“有关各方承诺根据公认的国际法原则,包括1982年《联合国海洋法公约》,由直接有关的主权国家通过友好磋商和谈判,以和平方式解决领土和管辖权争端。”其中,直接有关的主权国家做出了郑重承诺,而其他国家则是见证人和监督者。此外,中国与菲律宾等国在一系列双边文件中达成了通过谈判协商解决南海有关争议的共识,并明确排除了第三方争端解决方式。

令人遗憾的是,为谋求自身对中国南沙群岛部分岛礁的非法侵占的永久化和合法化,菲律宾阿基诺三世政府对中菲之间达成的共识和自身在《南海各方行为宣言》中的承诺弃若敝屣,单方面对中国提起强制仲裁。菲方貌似将《联合国海洋法公约》奉为圭臬,却通过片面解释并滥用《联合国海洋法公约》仲裁程序,损害《联合国海洋法公约》的权威性和完整性。更为荒谬的是,所谓菲律宾南海仲裁案仲裁庭不顾基本事实和国际法原则,竟然堂而皇之地行干预领土主权或海洋划界之事,甚至公然在岛礁领土地位上架谎凿空。显然,所谓仲裁根本不是为了定分止争,而是为了达到把南海搅乱这一不可告人的政治目的。

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