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发改委:进一步管控企业债券风险

2017-10-13 07:07:53   

国家发展和改革委员会日前透露,下一步将继续推进企业债券发行管理制度改革,探索募投项目实行“正面清单+负面清单”的管理制度。同时,严格落实金融机构和专业中介机构责任,规范企业举债行为,有效管控企业债券市场风险。

发改委表示,企业债券已经走过了30年的发展时间,到2016年年末,存量规模近5万亿元,为提高全社会直接融资比重,促进国民经济平稳健康发展,发挥了重要作用。未来,发改委将坚持“金融服务实体经济”这一基本原则,深入开展“放管服”工作,继续发挥好企业债券拓宽实体经济融资渠道的金融工具作用和产业政策工具作用,提高企业债券资金使用效率,把更多的金融资源配置到经济社会发展的重点领域和薄弱环节上去,支持扩大有效投资,支持实体经济发展。

同时,严格落实金融机构和专业中介机构责任,规范企业举债行为,防范企业债务风险,完善风险应急处置机制。并且,加强债券市场信用体系建设,实现信用信息收集和使用的全覆盖,充分发挥信用手段在事中事后监管和服务方面的重要作用。

据了解,从2006年至2016年,企业债券累计发行5.18万亿元,成为社会融资结构优化的助推器。在经济进入新旧动能转换、经济转型升级的关键阶段,发改委始终坚持企业债券与实体经济结合。十八大以来,企业债券累计核准发行2206支,规模超过3.26万亿元,相比之前五年增长了34.36%,主要投入交通、能源、保障性住房等基础设施和民生工程,以及环保、旅游、养老等领域,有效缓解了投资项目融资难融资贵的问题,促进了实体经济发展。

2013年以来,发改委陆续推出16个企业债券专项创新品种,包括“市场化银行债权转股权专项债券”“双创孵化专项债券”“绿色债券”等,在助力企业去杠杆、推动创新创业、促进农村一二三产业融合发展、缓解中小微企业融资难融资贵问题等方面起到了推动作用。近两年来,专项创新品种债券累计发行359支,总规模接近4000亿元,有效支持了重点战略领域和新兴产业的融资需求,并引导和撬动了更多社会资金进入国家鼓励支持的行业和领域。

与此同时,发改委也始终将防范金融风险作为企业债券的发展底线,不断强化事中事后监管。企业债券始终坚持与实体投资项目挂钩,坚决防止短期化风险,并强化风险防范主体责任,形成企业债券违约风险识别、预警、排查、处置的全程监管防控体系。

为此,发改委下发了在企业债券领域进一步防范风险加强监管和服务实体经济的通知,进一步防范企业债券领域地方政府债务风险和企业债券违约风险,守住不发生系统性风险的底线,并提高企业债券服务实体经济的效率和水平。

发改委表示,未来将做好存量企业债券涉及的地方政府债务风险的排查化解。同时,在企业债券申报中严格防范地方政府债务风险,明确发债企业和政府之间的权利责任关系,实现发债企业与政府信用严格隔离,严禁地方政府及部门为企业发行债券提供不规范的政府和社会资本合作、政府购买服务、财政补贴等情况。

在企业债券发行规模不断扩大的情况下,发改委未来将进一步加强事中事后监管,防范企业债券违约风险。要求省级发展改革部门要对企业债券发行后资金使用情况进行跟踪检查,对违规行为进行及时纠正。对出现偿债风险的存量债券应提前介入,充分运用市场化、法治化手段,指导企业和中介机构制定完备的偿债方案,牢牢守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线。

同时,发改委介绍,未来还要进一步提高企业债券服务实体经济的效率和水平。包括对“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展三大战略涉及的重点领域、重点项目加大债券支持力度。对雄安新区及国家级新区等重点地区项目建设加大支持力度,鼓励符合条件的主体发行企业债券融资,推进重点项目建设,协调有关部门在降低债券发行成本等方面进行支持。

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