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普惠金融是社会责任 也应有别于非商业行为

2017-10-12 13:32:53   

今年5月,银监会联合十部委发布的《大中型商业银行设立普惠金融事业部实施方案》要求,大型银行“2017年内完成普惠金融事业部设立,尽快开展工作”,而更多大中型商业银行可能还在观望,普惠金融事业部怎么建?难点、风险在哪?如何实现社会责任与商业性的平衡?

日前,中国建设银行(下称“建行”)普惠金融事业部张为忠副总经理接受了点金君的专访,最早设立普惠金融事业部并开展业务的建行经验和思考,应能给现在和未来的普惠金融实践者们带来借鉴。

“为什么让大型银行率先做普惠金融?因为他们体量大、能带动市场!他们可以内部分摊一些成本,这也是大银行的社会责任之所在。还有,大银行的数据是海量的,很少有人在四大行没有历史信息,重要的是,怎么实现这些信息的综合运用。”谈到国家为什么要求大型商业银行率先设立普惠金融事业部、成为发展普惠金融的骨干力量,张为忠认为,上述三点判断,是促使建行在4月就率先成立普惠金融发展委员会和普惠金融事业部的重要动因。

随即,配套普惠金融的服务、核算、风险管理、资源配置和考核评价的“五个专门”机制也在建行建立,现在,建行普惠金融事业部作为普惠金融发展委员会办公室,已经在统筹19个部门的相关工作。

普惠金融的信息与信用瓶颈

普惠金融针对的重点客户群,即农民、小微企业、城镇低收入人群、贫困人群和残疾人、老年人等,他们缺信息、缺信用问题比较突出,用传统方法对这部分客户营销、评价、管理,获客难度较大、成本较高、风险也较难把握。

张为忠说,推进普惠金融发展首先要解决获客问题,二是要解决风控问题,当然这两个问题,归根到底还是信息不对称的问题。

为此,建行通过开展银政、银担、银保、银企等合作,集成信息资源、提增信用、创新风险评价方式,降低成本和风险。

同时,随着互联网、云技术、大数据等金融技术的不断创新和完善,使银行能够对数据进行集成运用,提高客户信息的透明度。通过集成信息打开融资“玻璃门”,搭建信用评价体系,以甄别目标客户,如建行与国家税务总局的银税合作,以纳税信息对小微企业客户进行评价,缓解信息不对称。

但也要看到,普惠金融体系建设不能一蹴而就,还需要政策制定、机制建立等各方共同努力,如通过建立统一的综合信息共享平台、丰富企业信用档案信息、建立健全融资担保体系等,加强普惠金融信用体系建设,完善区域信用评价体系,突破缺信息、缺信用的瓶颈。

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