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《中国银行业价值指数》发布 城商行与农商行成长路径现差异

2017-09-29 07:27:51   

9月28日,北京融和友信科技股份有限公司(以下简称融和科技)与每日经济新闻联合发布《融和科技中国银行业价值指数报告》。报告发现,城商行与农商行成长路径出现了巨大差异。

利息收入仍是中小行创收主力

融和科技中国银行业价值指数由融和科技旗下的融和研究院编制,共对160多家中小商业银行进行了调查研究,包括108家城市商业银行和59家农村商业银行,以及对标大银行(5大国有银行+13家股份制银行)。

报告指出,利息收入仍是中小银行创收的主力,而寄予厚望的中间业务创收能力则较弱。融和科技中国银行业价值指数表明,中小银行的利息收入占营业收入的比重都超过了70%,而中间业务收入(以下简称中收)占营收的比重普遍不到10%。其中,城商行的利息收入占比为73.2%;中收占比为10.7%;农商行的利息收入占比为71.8%;中收占比为4.8%。

根据融和科技掌握的数据,中小银行的资产构成出现了一个奇怪的现象:城商行的金融市场/投资资产占比为34.3%,贷款/投资资产占比为46.5%;而农商行的金融市场/投资资产占比为32%,贷款/投资资产占比为65.6%。城商行的贷款/投资资产占比比农商行低20个百分点,或低1/3。同时,城商行的利息收入占比为73.2%,高于农商行的71.8%。

报告还发现,中小商业银行的资产质量趋于稳定,但是资产减值拨备力度不够。统计分析表明,城商行的拨备增幅为3.8%,不良增幅为8.5%;农商行拨备增幅为3%,不良增幅为0.5%,都处于非常稳定的阶段。有趣的是,城商行的拨备增幅低于不良增幅,造成整体的拨备率下降。而农商行正相反,拨备增幅高于不良增幅,大多数银行不良率基本持平或略有下降。

此外,报告发现,中小商业银行的资产都有较大增幅,但是并不平衡,而资本回报也有待提高。中小银行的资产增幅仍然保持了较高的水平,但是资产增幅并不平衡。城商行的资产增幅为27.5%,农商行的资产增幅为16.1%。城商行资产增幅高出农商行11.4个百分点,或者70.8%。城商行的成长性远远超过农商行,马太效应在此显现。中小银行的权益回报率分别为:城商行11.61%、农商行10.90%,说明中小银行的资本效率比较低。

融和科技中国银行业指数报告同时披露了虚拟的标准银行模型和优秀银行经营模型,两大模型依照价值经营理念,从盈利性、安全性、流动性、成长性、效益性、业务构成等指标披露了中小商业银行普遍经营模式,与优秀银行、大银行经营模式的差异。

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