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共享汽车尚难形成规模效应

2017-09-28 07:07:51   

作为城市公共出行的补充,共享汽车正在国内多个城市蓬勃发展。但业内人士认为,行业还处在起步期,共享汽车的“蛋糕”并不容易“啃”。

使用还不太方便

同样顶着共享经济光环,共享汽车能像共享单车一样火吗?

记者目前在北京体验了几家新能源共享汽车平台,租赁共享汽车的流程并不复杂,跟共享单车有类似之处。首先手机下载租车APP,按照注册流程填写手机号并上传身份证和驾照照片,经过企业后台审核即可开始使用共享汽车。其基本流程是预约取车—APP解锁—取车成功—还车到网点并充电—确认还车。在预定时APP就会算一笔账,可以选择还车地点,点击确定后就可以打开车门。

在大多数租车平台,租车价格等于基准价加里程价,其中包含交强险、车辆损失险、商业第三者责任险,可以按小时租赁、日租,也可以夜租。

租车的流程很方便,但是对于老百姓来说,新能源车分时租赁好不好用,首当其冲的就是还车难、充电难等问题。记者在宣武门附近搜索还车点,发现最近的还车点在4公里外。

据了解,目前在北上广等一线城市,共享汽车基本都是新能源车,必须要到有充电桩的网点停放。在限购城市如何解决牌照、在寸土寸金的一线城市如何布局停车网点、新能源车如何解决充电问题,这些因素都限制了企业网点扩张,自然也影响到用户的体验。

北汽新能源旗下绿狗租车副总经理范永跃说,共享汽车要发展到共享单车目前的水平,需要一定时间,还要具备三个条件:一是车、停车位、充电桩三位一体;二是网点密集度能让用户方便租车;三是实现异地租还。

应接受必要的市场规制

在共享汽车使用中,用户交通违章处理情况、车辆停放、个人信息的真实性、费用支付、车厢保洁、预约爽约等信息,都成为困扰用户和企业的现实问题。

为此,交通运输部与住房城乡建设部前不久联合发布了《关于促进小微型客车租赁健康发展的指导意见》(以下简称《指导意见》)。

专家认为,对于刚刚起步的共享汽车,《指导意见》前瞻性地提出了正面清单和负面清单相结合的管理措施,可以规范种种不合适的预期和行为,引导行业进入良性状态。

比如,为保证实际驾驶人身份识别的真实性。《指导意见》提出,共享汽车要落实承租人身份查验。“与传统出租车和网约车相比,对共享汽车的法律规定和要求是不一样的。”同济大学教授褚大建举例说,前者发生交通事故时,驾驶员和所在企业承担全部法律责任;后者除了车辆原因与出租企业有关外,驾驶责任应该归之于承租人,所以对汽车分时租赁的承租人要有严格的准入门槛。

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