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规模升至全球第二 5.86万亿货基双面之惑

2017-09-26 08:42:54   中国经济网

规模升至全球第二 5.86万亿货基的双面之惑

《公开募集开放式证券投资基金流动性风险管理规定》10月1日将正式实施,新规专门针对货币市场基金制定了多个特别规定,包括机构类货基不得采用摊余成本法等,这部严格的管理规定背后也折射出监管层对货基重视的态度。

事实上,货基在大众心中的地位非常高,其不仅在流动性、收益率等方面远胜银行存款,还有着类似于存款的安全性,属于既可保值又可增值的产品。因此,我国货基市场规模近年来迅速扩大,在2016年末成为仅次于美国、排名全球第二的市场。

但,这只是货基天使的一面。

一位北方固定收益投资总监告诉记者,从海外经验来看,货基流动性危机往往伴随着金融危机,两者又会相互影响与加强。所以,货基危机一旦爆发,对整个金融市场影响极大,美国货基教父正是倒在自己一手创立的货基市场中。这是货基鲜为人知的另一面。

业内人士指出,客观而言,货基隐藏着巨大风险,也正因此,随着货基规模的持续扩大,监管层对货基的监管日渐趋严。全国金融工作会议强调“要以强化金融监管为重点,以防范系统性金融风险为底线,加快相关法律法规建设”,而管理新规正是在这样的背景下诞生的。

⊙记者 王炯业 ○编辑 长弓

现象:货基规模猛增

根据中国证券投资基金业协会最新公布的数据,截至2017年7月末,货基总规模达到5.86万亿,占公募基金资产总规模54.86%,而2016年底货基的总规模为4.28万亿。

短短7个月,货基规模增加1.58万亿,增幅接近37%,且仍处于快速增长阶段。

将时间轴拉长,Wind统计显示,2003年,我国首只货基——华安现金富利正式成立,募集42.55亿份,有效认购户数12万户。此后,货基规模快速增长,2014年底达到第一个2万亿规模,2015年底实现了第二个2万亿,2017年7月末达到5.86万亿,距离第三个2万亿只差一步之遥。

第一个2万亿的台阶,货基走了12年,而从2万亿到5.86万亿,货基仅用了不到3年的时间。

从个案来看,更为惊人。天弘基金旗下的余额宝已成为全球最大的货基。2013年6月,余额宝正式上线,定位于普惠金融的余额宝在“货基浪潮”中迅速壮大,截至今年二季度末,规模达到1.43万亿,超越了大多数中型银行的存款余额。

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