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季末净回笼为哪般

2017-09-26 07:32:57   中国经济网

在连续三日实施等量对冲之后,进入9月最后一周,央行公开市场操作(OMO)进一步转向净回笼资金。25日,央行开展2000亿元逆回购操作,不及到期回笼量,净回笼800亿元。市场人士表示,OMO的转向表明,随着季末财政支出力度加大,资金面跨季基本无碍。

25日,央行开展了2000亿元逆回购操作,包括1600亿元14天期和400亿元28天期,中标利率均与上一期持平,分别为2.60%和2.75%;当日有2800亿元逆回购到期回笼,故央行此举仍将净回笼800亿元,为9月13日以来的首次净回笼。

也正是从9月13日开始,央行OMO结束了上半月以净回笼为主的局面,随后连续实施了较大规模的净投放。统计显示,9月13日OMO实现等量对冲,从14日到19日连续四日净投放流动性,累计净投放6365亿元,而从20日开始,央行再次“收手”,连续三日进行等量对冲。

9月25日,OMO重启净回笼,很可能表明,9月份央行流动性操作的“填谷”阶段已经过去,未来一段时间又将进入“削峰”的过程。本周共有6800亿元逆回购到期,公开市场到期回笼量超过上周的两倍,如果央行缩减投放规模,全周出现净回笼的可能性不小。

本周是三季度最后一周。通常来说,季末因监管考核等造成的扰动,流动性易紧难松,而季末过后,即将迎来“十一”长假,当前存款类机构还面临一定取现压力。但分析人士认为,当前货币政策取向是不松不紧,反映在央行流动性调控上也是不松不紧,具体体现为对流动性进行“削峰填谷”;近几日央行暂停实施净投放,并进一步转向净回笼资金,恰恰从侧面说明,央行预计本周流动性压力可控。

央行的底气很可能仍来源于季末财政支出。季末财政支出力度往往较大,加上7月财政存款增长超季节性,或促使随后几月财政库款加快释放,9月份财政投放规模可能高于往年同期。

过去三年,9月财政存款均下降超过3000亿元;今年3月、6月,财政存款分别下降7670亿元和6165亿元。机构预计,本周财政库款投放可能会比较可观,能够对冲逆回购到期和节前取现等因素的影响。而按照之前数月的情况看,每月下旬央行OMO大多会转向回笼资金。

另值得一提的是,上周央行大量使用7天期逆回购,这也是造成本周到期回笼压力上升的直接原因。分析人士认为,央行可能恰恰希望利用较多的到期逆回购,实现对财政投放资金的暂时回笼,避免资金面走向过度宽松。

当然,目前逆回购余额仍不高,央行通过OMO实施净投放的空间仍很大,如果资金面供求出现不利变化,央行也完全可以重启净投放。总的来看,本周逆回购到期较多,且居民取现可能增多,但有财政投放的“支援”,资金面平稳跨季基本无碍,央行料结合资金面情况,灵活调整逆回购操作力度,维护流动性基本平稳。

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