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首批投贷联动试点初显成效 科创融资升温

2017-09-26 07:07:54   中国经济网

作为科创企业融资新模式,商业银行对投贷联动的热情正日渐升温。《经济参考报》记者近期在南方省市调研获悉,部分试点行开展投贷联动业务初显成效。包括上海银行、上海华瑞银行等在内的多家银行,经过近一年多的试水,商业模式探索基本完成,外部投贷联动初见成效。

“在过去近一年半时间的探索过程中,我行投贷联动取得了阶段性成果。基本完成了投贷联动商业模式的探索。我们的投贷联动不是图一时之快,而是以工匠精神打造的‘六专’机制。”上海华瑞银行行长朱韬在接受记者采访时表示。据他透露,经过三到五年的努力,科创金融在华瑞银行的资产规模和收入占比将确保超过10%,力争达到15%。

朱韬所说的“六专”机制,为上海银监局此前发布的《关于上海银行业提高专业化经营和风险管理水平进一步支持科技创新的指导意见》中提出的创投型信贷模式“六专原则”,即专营的组织架构体系、专业的经营管理团队、专用的风险管理制度和技术手段、专门的管理信息系统、专项激励考核机制、专属客户的信贷标准。这种模式借鉴了创投机构的做法,并需要与创投机构建立密切的合作关系。

上海银行在试点过程中走的是“债权融资+股权融资”的投贷联动综合金融服务之路。“前期我们已向监管部门上报了投贷联动试点方案,并申请设立投资功能子公司,专司科创企业股权投资业务。今年以来,我行加快了投贷联动业务各项基础机制建设和准备,初步构建了以‘贷’为本,以‘贷’带‘投’,以‘投’补‘贷’,‘投贷’联动的决策机制;重点集聚上海大张江‘一区二十二园’,支持新产业、新技术、新业态、新模式等四新领域科技型成长小企业。”上海银行小企业金融服务中心总经理朱会冲介绍。

科创企业无可比拟的成长性催热了银行投贷联动试水的热情,而投贷联动模式的日趋完善也加速了科创企业融资进程。浦发硅谷银行日前发布的《中国创新经济特别报告》显示,2017年以来科创企业融资再度升温,这对于资金体量庞大的银行而言,在利率市场化背景下,投贷联动无疑成为银行机构探索转型发展的突破点。“我们未来将聚焦硬科技投资,持续推进科技金融创新,不遗余力地促进科技资源与金融资本的有效对接,着力打造‘硬科技、高科技、新科技’金融助力器,共创价值发现新模式。”朱韬表示。

事实上,投贷联动并非首批10家试点银行的“专利”,与投贷联动相类似的业务,业内一直都在做。

我国《商业银行法》第四十三条规定,商业银行在境内不得从事信托投资和证券经营业务,不得向非自用不动产投资或者向非银行金融各机构和企业投资,但国家另有规定的除外。这意味着,在“投贷联动”中负责股权投资业务的载体,必须是商业银行自身外的第三方机构,在业务模式上,目前主要包括“银行+子公司”、“银行+VC/PE”、“银行+其他机构”三种。

需要指出的是,虽然目前投贷联动首批十家试点银行的子公司仅国开行一家落地,但包括上海华瑞银行在内的多家银行开始两手准备。“我们一边等待有关部门设立投资功能全资子公司的批复,一边修炼‘内功’,做好制度建设等各方面的准备工作。”朱韬表示,“在投贷联动中,银行与子公司之间,既要在业务上相互联动,又要做到独立运作、风险隔离。”

而在业内人士看来,除存在法律关系和财务上的瑕疵外,如果银行没有境内全资投资子公司,在投贷联动时还可能存在产业目录限制和风险权重的困惑。

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