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多地打响重大项目投融资攻坚战

2017-09-25 07:06:53   中国经济网

一场场重大项目投融资攻坚战正在多地展开。《经济参考报》记者近日获悉,在距离年底只有三个多月的窗口期,为了实现经济平稳增长,多地以重大项目为抓手,在加大投资、促进招商上持续加码。其中,“PPP+基金”已经成为主流投融资方式。

中国社科院工业经济研究所副研究员渠慎宁在接受《经济参考报》记者采访时表示,下半年各地打响投融资攻坚战也是为了应对固定资产投资下滑态势,同时加大对民间投资的吸引力,稳定投资使地方经济增长获得支撑。

记者了解到,在地方稳投资过程中,“政府投资引导基金+政府和社会资本合作(PPP)模式”双管齐下成为地方投融资的重要着力点。

安徽省近日出台《支持政府和社会资本合作(PPP)若干政策》,进一步引导社会资本参与PPP项目建设,扩大公共产品和服务供给。政府投资引导基金同样风生水起。在日前举行的全国大众创业万众创新活动周上,北京市科委党组书记、主任许强表示,北京市政府决定成立市科技创新基金,政府出资总规模200亿元,拟通过对母基金和子基金层面放大,实现基金总规模达1000亿元,以加快建设具有全球影响力的科技创新中心。除此之外,山西、江西等多省千亿级政府投资引导基金也于近日先后启动。

渠慎宁告诉记者,采用PPP模式可以有效减少政府财政负担,降低杠杆,同时拉入民营资本也可以提高资本运作效率。

中国财政科学研究院PPP研究所专家卓识告诉《经济参考报》记者,从政府宏观职能来看,下半年是地方政府完成投资指标任务的一个关键时期,现在政府层面可用的拉动地方投资的工具主要是PPP和地方债。基于债务属性变化和投融资方式的选择,“PPP+基金”已经成为主流的投融资方式。原因在于,虽然近年来PPP项目落地率有所提升,但是相对全国总容量来说,整体落地率还稍显不足。政府引导性资金能够给予市场强烈的投资信号,属于政府方面较大的增信行为,为更好地引导社会资本进入起到了良好的带动作用。

“‘PPP+基金’的方式因为不出表、不负债、不占用财政占比,受到地方政府的大力追捧。”卓识说。

民生金融智库首席宏观研究员朱振鑫在接受《经济参考报》记者采访时表示,43号文下发后,“修明渠、堵暗道” 的地方债务管理思路已非常明确,国务院要求剥离地方平台融资职能,同时放开了地方债的口子,鼓励推广PPP模式,今年又陆续推出土地储备专项债和收费公路专项债。但考虑到地方债和专项债额度有限,PPP模式和政府引导基金便成为地方投融资的重要着力点。目前已落地PPP项目3.3万亿,政府引导基金已到位资金2万多亿,为地方政府投融资提供了强有力的资金支持。

“但一些固定回报、回购安排、明股实债等进行变相融资行为也随之显现,对此,财政部相继下发50号文和87号文,规范地方政府举债融资行为,防范地方债务风险。”朱振鑫指出。

卓识也告诉记者,不是每个项目都适合PPP,更不是每个项目都适合“PPP+基金”这种操作模式,基金要善用也要慎用。

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