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部分公司花式手段逃避退市 专家建议完善退市制度

2017-09-21 07:22:16   中国经济网

■记者 朱宝琛

退市制度作为资本市场中的一项重要基础性制度,一直以来备受关注。9月19日,沪深交易所双双就上市公司退市问题发声。

上交所副总经理徐毅林在“第十一届指数与指数化投资论坛”上,阐述下一阶段和今后工作时表示,“将加强对股票质押、债券回购、杠杆资金等影响市场平稳运行的关键风险点的监测、分析和应对,确保不发生影响市场稳定的风险事件,平稳处置高风险公司,抓好退市制度改革、并购重组等重点领域和重要环节,完善安全防线和风险应急处置机制,全力确保各项系统运行、业务操作安全运行零事故”。

针对新都酒店近日向深圳市中级人民法院提起行政诉讼,要求判令撤销深交所作出的终止上市决定一事,深交所在19日发文称“坚决落实退市主体责任,严格审核恢复上市、重新上市申请,从严监管规避退市行为,对于达到退市条件的公司,做到‘出现一家,退市一家’,净化市场环境,维护市场秩序,全力维护退市制度的严肃性”。

“不可否认的是,在A股市场中,关于上市公司退市难的问题长期存在,要让退市常态化,就要严格执行退市制度,以此威慑并推动上市公司更关注经营,同时,能更公平、科学、有效地阻止投机性假重组。”财富证券网络金融部副总经理赵欢对《证券日报》记者表示,要对投资者进行充分的风险教育,把证券市场“卖者有责、买者自负”的市场法则真正落实到位,投资者的利益才能得到保护。

2014年10月17日,被称为“史上最严退市新规”的《关于改革完善并严格实施上市公司退市制度的若干意见》发布,并于发布之日起30日后生效。如今,这一制度实施已有两年零十个月,虽然退市股票的数量于近年来略有增加,但整体退市率依旧不足。

一个成熟的资本市场就应该有进有退、进出有序。然而,在A股市场却出现了“退市难”,原因何在?赵欢认为主要还是政策和机制存在一些漏洞,给了一些濒临退市的上市公司可乘之机,因此,就必须要进一步完善退市制度。

“有些本该退市的上市公司,频繁地借助各种手段或方法规避被退市的命运,比如,巧妙利用地方政府部门的补贴和奖励、变卖资产、通过资产重组与‘报表重组’等方式实现盈利,从而获得喘息的机会。甚至还有的公司通过人为操纵,使财务报表出现连续两年巨亏后而盈利的‘一二一法则’来逃避退市。”赵欢说。

市场人士表示,上市公司退市制度是资本市场重要基础性制度,对于优化资源配置、促进优胜劣汰、提高上市公司质量、保护投资者合法权益发挥着重要作用。对于达到退市条件的公司,必须严格执行退市制度,把它们从市场中清理出去。同时,在新股发行常态化的今天,当退市机制与上市机制相配合,就会带来投资资源的流动性。

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