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主要虚拟货币平台关闭交易 强监管下“炒币”者何去何从

2017-09-18 08:56:39   中国经济网

继七部门叫停代币(ICO)融资后,在监管高压下,14日起,包括比特币中国、火币网、OKCoin币行在内的多家虚拟货币交易平台陆续关停平台所有业务或人民币交易业务。虚拟货币交易究竟有哪些风险?监管部门为何出手整治?曾为之疯狂的“炒币”者又将何去何从?

比特币中国、火币网、OKcoin币行是国内三大比特币交易平台,三家合计占国内比特币交易额的约60%。自14日比特币中国率先发声后,国内各类虚拟货币价格应声大跌,比特币、莱特币跌幅均超过20%,比特币每枚价格更一度探至16000元,较9月初32500元的历史高位下跌一半多。随后报价略有回升,截至记者发稿时,比特币交易价格仍在20000元上下。

虚拟货币价格近期走跌,一方面源于市场此前积压的众多风险,另一方面也和监管以及各方频频提示风险、果断出手有关。

8月30日晚,中国互联网金融协会率先针对与虚拟货币有诸多联系的代币(ICO)发布风险提示。9月4日,央行等七部门发文叫停各类代币发行融资。9月13日晚间,中国互联网金融协会又针对虚拟货币交易平台及市场风险发出提示。9月15日晚,火币网确认已接到监管部门的通知和指导,要求其清理整顿虚拟货币交易。

在监管部门看来,借助虚拟交易平台开展的“炒币”活动纯属投机,对实体经济鲜有益处,却集聚了较高的金融风险。

早在2013年,央行等五部委就曾发文明确,将比特币定义为一种特定的虚拟商品,而非货币,各金融机构和支付机构不得开展比特币与人民币及外币的兑换服务等。

“但近两年随着虚拟货币市场愈发膨胀,‘炒币’热潮难退,比特币等虚拟货币在使用中也不断超出‘商品’范畴,向‘货币’属性异化。”中央财经大学金融学院教授郭田勇说。

业内人士介绍,国内98%的比特币交易是通过比特币交易平台进行的,多数交易平台推波助澜,不仅从事虚拟货币和法币的兑换,更参与代币发行融资(ICO),为炒买炒卖活动提供信息和交易便利。在部分平台的鼓吹下,大批群众被“忽悠”入场,参与者从专业小众快速扩散到普通大众。目前国内交易平台客户资金余额已高达数十亿元人民币,资产规模大于零的投资者超百万人。

而事实是,投资虚拟货币交易要面临价格大幅波动风险、安全性风险等,且平台技术风险也较高,国际上已发生多起交易平台遭黑客入侵盗窃事件。此前,比特币交易平台“Bitfloor”就因价值25万美元的比特币被盗,直接宣布关闭。

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