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侠客岛:中国为何突然关停比特币交易平台?

2017-09-16 09:12:59   侠客岛

原标题:【解局】比特币,被“毙”了

据多家财经媒体报道,中国监管当局要求境内比特币交易所制定无风险清退方案,9月底前关停。

目前,国内三大比特币交易平台中,“比特币中国”和“微比特”两家已经正式宣布将关闭交易平台。一路高歌猛进的比特币交易,在中国,终于被按下了暂停键。

不过,冷静下来思考,从2010年4月公开交易,到近两年在中国投资圈兴起,监管部门为什么突然在这个时间节点上按下暂停键,我们又该如何认识这些新型金融概念呢?

流行

昨天,中国互联网金融协会发布《关于防范比特币等所谓“虚拟货币”风险的提示》,指出比特币交易平台涉众人数扩大、投机氛围浓厚,是洗钱、贩毒、走私、非法集资等违法犯罪活动的工具;各类所谓“币”的交易平台,在我国并无合法设立的依据。

与此同时,是比特币价格的高位下跌。据路透社的报道,自从“比特币中国”宣布本月底停止交易,比特币价格就大幅下跌了11.3%,至3426.92美元。这也是比特币连续7天下跌,成为其一年来持续最久的跌势。

追根溯源,比特币是怎么流行起来的?

这还得说回2008年金融危机。危机之后,美国实行量化宽松(QuantitativeEasing)的货币政策,不断向市场投放大量的货币,以刺激经济发展。这导致美元大幅贬值,紧接着全球主要央行也大放水,货币贬值进一步加剧。人们开始对政府垄断货币发行权和货币信用,产生了很深的质疑。

这个时候,比特币的出场,就有点“自带光环了”。作为世界上第一款虚拟货币,比特币有几大特点:匿名性、去中心化、不可篡改、不可追溯、跨境流动等。此外,开发者声称它总量有限(2100万个)、产出趋缓。

这些特点,无疑击中了那些自由主义、无政府主义者的兴奋点。他们认为,虚拟货币既能弥补法定货币的天然缺陷,还能躲避监管,进行“地下”和跨境资金交易,必须大力推广。

发展到这几年,其声势更是势如破竹。最高峰时,其价值相较于7年前,涨了500万倍,参与者从专业小众快速扩散到普通大众,国内甚至出现了“炒股炒房不如炒币”的论调。

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