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炒作降温 混改概念还有戏吗?

2017-09-17 08:06:38   中国经济网

《红周刊》特约作者 厦门 张俊鸣

国企混改概念被不少市场人士寄予厚望,但近期的炒作力度却出现快速降温。8月21日中国联通复牌打响下半年混改概念第一枪,但两个涨停之后便陷入持续阴跌,本周已经基本将复牌后形成的两个跳空缺口完全弥补,堪称“从哪里来到哪里去”(见图1)。9月1日,中国神华、国电电力复牌“一”字板涨停,但次日便在抛盘的打压下高开低走,持续调整。本周一(9月11日),中国建材和中材股份重组案出炉,两公司旗下多家上市公司仅仅是小幅高开之后便快速走低,收盘时普遍下跌。从两个涨停到一个涨停再到复牌首日直接收跌,央企混改概念的炒作出现明显的降温,并未产生预期中的“星火燎原”效应。

混改题材的“见光死”,并没有脱离A股一贯的炒作套路。近期复牌的央企混改概念股,要么流通市值巨大,要么同一集团下面的公司数量众多,消耗资金多,炒作难度大。以中国联通而言,流通A股为212亿,以复牌之后的最高价9.29元折算下来,总市值超过1800亿;中国神华和国电电力复牌后按最高价折算的流通市值也分别达到了3857亿和805亿,单单这3家合计流通市值就超过了6000亿,即便有大量股份被大股东锁定不流通,但每日的成交金额也相当可观。其中,中国联通单日最大成交金额89.2亿,中国神华42.9亿,国电电力37.1亿。“中材系”旗下的公司虽然不像这3家“巨无霸”市值这么惊人,但合计上市公司多达9家,在同一天复牌也分散了炒作资金的火力。

另一方面,这些混改概念股2015年下半年起,长期有“国家队”护盘资金锁仓,名列前十大股东。在股价短期急升,追高资金众多的情况下,也不排除护盘资金有反手卖出回收资金的可能。今年4月雄安概念股大热,就出现类似的走势,中报数据也印证了护盘资金借市场资金热情追高之际集中卖出,成为追高资金的对手盘。当然,这点目前只是推测,具体数据需要等待三季报披露之后才会揭晓。

不管高位抛售的筹码来自何方神圣,都说明确实有相当部分的场内资金借股价冲高之际出逃。对于这些央企混改概念股来说,在停牌前股价都出现了一定程度的上涨,中国联通甚至在不到一年的时间里股价翻番,已经在相当程度上反映了市场对混改的预期。既然预期已经提前反映在股价上,按照A股炒作的逻辑就是“见光死”,冲高之后持续调整也是不可避免的走势。

对于这些大市值品种来说,除了股价走高需要大量真金白银的推动,导致炒作难度增加之外,另一个因素则在于没有借壳转换主业的想象空间。以中国联通为例,虽然混改之后引入众多国企、民企,但依然从事电信行业,面对中国移动、中国电信两家实力强劲对手的竞争,未来在三强鼎立的格局中能否扭转弱势仍有疑问。即便业绩改善,能否和股价大涨匹配,则又是一个疑问。因此,在混改题材刺激股价出现脉冲式上涨之后,未来要继续走牛还取决于基本面的改善,这实际上也是混改所要达到的长期目标。

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