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股票质押新规料提升行业集中度 机构看好券商龙头股

2017-09-14 07:46:22   中国经济网

今年8月,33家上市券商合计实现营收156.37亿元,环比上月下降1.09%;合计实现净利润61.92亿元,环比上涨0.75%。8月A股日均成交额5101亿元,环比上月增加3.29%;两融月末余额较上月月末环比上升5.03%。上证综指8月累计上涨2.68%,深证成指累计上涨2.97%,带动券商经纪业务、自营业务逐步向好。渤海证券认为,股票质押新规征求意见稿的变动对风控好、评级高的大型券商影响较小,同时将进一步加大股质业务的行业集中度

看好两类券商

中国证券业协会日前发布2017年上半年行业营收数据显示,129家券商合计实现营收1437亿元,同比下降8.5%;合计实现净利润553亿元,同比下降11.6%。2017年半年报27家可比上市券商合计实现营收1208亿元,同比下降0.29%,实现归母净利润402.22亿元,同比下降7.76%。上市券商的业绩要好于行业平均。从券商公布的业绩来看,上市券商业绩好于预期,部分券商的投资收益和海外业务成为营收亮点。

渤海证券认为,当前大券商PB处在历史中枢,伴随行业集中度提升、转型结果逐步显现。看好大券商向上空间。看好两条投资主线:一是风控好、估值低、专业能力强的大型券商,建议关注华泰证券(601688),理由是互联网经纪业务、转型财富管理较为彻底,投行产业链服务能力强,AssetMark并表加速平衡等。二是看好弹性大,事件驱动型的中小型券商,建议关注兴业证券(601377)以及国元证券(000728)等。

行业集中度或提高

根据中国结算公布的数据,截至9月10日市场平均质押比例为10.28%,共有122只个股质押比例超过50%,这122只个股占全部A股数量比例仅为3.6%,影响也有限。

但是,股票质押“指引”降低了证券公司自有资金融出规模。此前制度规定券商以自有资金出资的,融出资金余额不得超过其净资本的200%。“指引”出于风险管理考虑,根据分类评价结果不同限制最高融资比例为净资本的150%、100%或50%,或影响业务规模的进一步扩张。但值得注意的是,除了以自有资金出资,券商还可以通过集合资管计划和定向资管客户参与质押式回购交易,也可以缓解净资本约束和定向资管客户参与质押式回购交易,也可以缓解净资本约束。

6月初,中国证券业协会修订公司债发行政策时首次将分类评级结果与已有成熟业务相结合,即分类评级未达到相应标准会失去公司债承销业务资格,本次协会将相关做法再次向质押式回购业务条线推广。

国开证券指出,可以预见,未来分类评级还将渗透到其他业务领域,广泛覆盖的、完善的、制度化的行业自律规则体系将逐渐形成,对资本市场的行政干预手段逐渐退出,市场化改革持续深化。

值得注意的是,分类评级结果挂钩业务资格是一套具有自我强化效应的体系,广泛推广后将继续固化高评级券商的竞争优势。如进入A类的券商可以开展的业务品种更多,面临的风控约束也更少,资本实力雄厚,业务规模增加,这都将显著提高盈利能力,稳固竞争优势;无法进入A类的券商丧失一部分业务资格,部分业务面临更严峻的约束条件,竞争更加艰难。目前的分类评级体系利好大型券商保持高评级,大型券商积累了先发优势,中小券商地位更加不利。

国开证券建议关注资本实力雄厚、评级较高、综合实力强的大型券商,包括海通证券、广发证券、国泰君安、中信证券等。

(原标题:股票质押新规料提升行业集中度 机构看好券商龙头股)

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