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涉嫌价格垄断的PVC企业被罚 市场降温作用明显

2017-09-12 07:52:24   中国经济网

由于涉嫌PVC价格垄断,天原集团、英力特、亿利洁能等多家PVC企业披露收到发改委的罚单,被罚金额合计接近1亿元。上述公司均表示,罚款金额将对2017年度的利润水平造成一定影响。记者了解到,本次调查主要针对去年的涨价,已持续一定时间。对于后市的影响,金联创PVC分析师张新华对记者表示,从近日的PVC期货价格看,罚单对价格的冷却作用明显。不过,近期行业面临环保核查和秋季检修,开工率将下滑,供应有所减少。

多因素促价格暴涨

相关上市公司公告显示,发改委对涉嫌参与聚氯乙烯(PVC)价格垄断进行调查,最终认定2016年向相关公司销售PVC过程中,涉嫌存在达成并实施价格垄断协议的违法事实,处以2016年度PVC产品相关市场销售额百分之一的罚款。

值得注意的是,本次接到罚单的企业多被称为“西北氯碱联合体”的成员,或参与过联合体会议的上市公司。据了解,“西北氯碱联合体”由行业内多家公司于2015年年初自发组织形成,早期主要目的是加强企业沟通谋求自救。联合体PVC产能占比超过4成,在行业中颇有影响力。

有不愿具名的下游行业人士对中国证券报记者表示,2016年PVC价格上涨幅度超过50%,下游企业不堪重负。本次成员企业被调查,不排除是相关企业的“反击”。从上市公司公告来看,部分调查去年已经开始。此外,本次上市公司收到的是事先告知书,最终处罚结果仍要等待正式处罚书下达。

多位行业人士表示,PVC去年大幅涨价除了企业联盟涨价之外,也存在去年以来的周期行业复苏等因素。成本端方面,PVC主要成本构成是煤炭和电石,在供给侧改革持续推进以及环保核查趋严等因素影响下,去年以来电石和煤炭价格大幅上涨,提升了生产成本。同时,大量环保不达标的中小型企业关停,造成了供给收缩。此外,被称为“史上最严治超措施”——《超限运输车辆行驶公路管理规定》正式实施,四轴货车的总质量(车和货物之和)最多只能达到36吨,较此前限值少了接近10吨。PVC期货交割区域主要集中在浙江地区,西部PVC运输成本水涨船高。

张新华表示,除了前述因素,2016年开始,PVC期货价格对现货指导作用加强,而期货市场易受货币政策和宏观经济影响。2016年,PVC期货价格表现可谓是气势如虹,成为PVC涨价的一个促进因素。

下游行业盈利或改善

PVC价格大涨,但下游行业制成品价格并未同步上涨,下游行业的利润遭受吞噬。

由于氯组分受热易分解,以及增塑剂等带来的毒性,PVC的消费属性逐步消失,下游需求越来越集中在型材、管材、板材、管件、电缆料、硬制品等建材产品领域。

上市公司方面,海螺型材在半年报显示,2017年上半年仅实现净利润233.38万元,同比下降95.88%。主要由于原材料PVC价格较去年同期上涨;同时,受市场竞争影响,产品销售价格未能实现同步涨幅,销量也有所下滑。

张新华表示,从9月7日以来的期货价格看,罚单对于PVC期货市场冷却作用较为明显,预计后市恐难出现价格大幅上涨的情况。不过,PVC行业仍然面临环保核查趋严以及秋季检修季,从目前了解的情况看,7-9月行业开工率有所下降,供应量不多,预计行业企业与下游企业仍将处于博弈之中。此外,近期多家建材公司发布或准备发布涨价公告,若涨价能够顺利成行,建材公司的利润水平有望得到一定改善。

(原标题:涉嫌价格垄断的PVC企业被罚 市场降温作用明显)

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