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成长股渐成行情主角

2017-09-11 09:12:42   中国经济网

上证综指8月25日突破3300点后,进入平台整固阶段。10个交易日,指数几乎在原地踏步,但是个股却精彩纷呈,市场风险偏好明显提升。特别是以创业板为代表的成长股,持续上涨,阶段性价量齐增,创业板指出现两年以来少有的强势。于是,价值与成长谁将主导下一步行情,又呈现一些不确定性。

此次冲关,表面上看是周期和金融双轮驱动的结果,券商股在关键时刻挺身而出,完成临门一脚。其实,比较各大指数的发力点,却又不难发现,创业板这一阶段,也走向前台,完成从行情配角向主角的转换。

这一次反弹,创业板的起点为7月18日,比上证综指的8月14日,整整提前了20个交易日。近两个月的运行,创业板指涨幅达到13.06%,远远高于同期上证综指的5.94%。创业板日成交则从起初的不到500亿,逐步放大到近期的1000亿,沪市日成交从2000亿也有所增加,不过均值在2500亿左右。相比较而言,无论价还是量,创业板都强于主板,增量资金介入更加明显。

对这一点,从个股的表现看或许会更加明晰些。这一时期,上证50标的股中,29只涨幅为正,占比58%,沪深300中,223只股上涨,占比74.3%,创业板614只股价上涨,占比高达89.8%。区间涨幅超过10%,显著上涨的,上证50股票16%,沪深300为29.7%,创业板62.4%。由此可以看出,市场活跃重心其实已从一二线蓝筹阶段性地转移到创业板上。

或许我们可以接受大多数公私募基金的观点,创业板的强势只是超跌反弹。特别是面对二季报创业板的利润增速同比下滑这一个事实,在新股进入新常态的情况下,该板块估值很难进一步抬升。但是又不得不承认一个事实,由于历史的原因以及制度设计上的不完全,目前中国股市估值依然处在一个虚高的环境,具有绝对投资价值的标的很少。涨出来的风险,跌出来的机会,长线持股的基础薄弱。资金大多数时间所要做的是,合理判断市场的投资风险边际,在相对安全或者具有相对价值的标的中择机投资,及时收获。

中国股市20多年的发展,历来就有价值与成长之辨,争论从来就没有停息过。其实在这两个概念之间,从来就没有什么绝对明晰的界限。以创业板为代表的所谓成长股,大都为各个行业或者子行业的龙头,代表先进生产力的发展方向,在地区经济发展中具有举足轻重的地位和作用,给予相对高的估值认可是理所当然的。特别是经历这一场股市异动的洗礼后,不少公司已洗去了铅华,而股价又处在历史低位或相对低位。

而这一两年来市场一直推崇的价值投资的典范,所谓低估值的蓝筹,的确也有一些大而美的标的公司,但是,经过长期挖掘之后,不少已经有过度开发之嫌。股价跑得太快,基本面发展来不及跟上,价值投资变成价值投机,这是比较让人担心的。目前的一些白马股趁指数企稳,进行中场休整,与其说是政府在调控指数,倒不如理解为,等待基本面积累更多的利好因素。

广义上的成长股不止是体现在创业板,国企改革,老树发新芽,各种并购重组,借助资本市场实现产业转型和升级,都是成长题材的典型代表。目前资金开始对一些站在风口的概念和题材进行追逐,如人工智能等,就是要提前兑现成长的预期。成长比价值投资具有更加丰富的想象空间,在目前的发行制度和退市制度没有实质性改变的情况下,国内股市一旦全面复苏,行情会继续走蓝筹搭台,题材唱戏的老路。

沪深两市日成交达到6000亿元,两融也上升到9500亿元的水平,上证综指上了一个新台阶,投资者热情不断升温。如果要保持指数窄幅波动、稳中有升这样的行情主基调,主要指数所倚重的金融和周期,以及一些白马股,短期向上强势推升的意义已不大,为了稳定指数,甚至出现一定程度的整理也有其必要性。深圳特区报财经评论员 王平

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