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上游乳企半年业绩集体萎靡 高端液奶自有品牌销售大幅减少

2017-09-05 08:12:10   新华网

创意图片/新京报记者 王远征

日前,各上游乳企陆续发布了2017年半年报,但“期中考”的整体成绩却是一片惨淡。

报告显示,现代牧业亏损6.66亿元,与去年同期亏损5.66亿元相比再次扩大。原生态牧业则亏损1717.9万元。中国圣牧净利640万元,同比下降98.4%。赛科星净利203.2万元,同比下降95.05%。中鼎联合净利500.36万元,同比下降53.3%。

半年报里透出的信息是,原料奶价格持续走低已成为业绩下降或亏损的最主要因素,而此轮原料价格走低与上游去产能趋势紧密相关。

面对严峻的行业态势,各上游乳企也在纷纷自救,或降低成本减少销售压力,或与下游乳企紧密合作巩固销路,或扩充产品品类以消耗自有原料奶产能。

业内专家预测,随着下半年进口国际奶价上涨、国内新增牧场的减少,上游乳企业绩将有所改善。

  原料奶价格持续走低冲击业绩

各家中报共同显示,原料奶价格持续走低,成为其上半年业绩下降的最主要因素。

根据农业部监测数据,内蒙古、河北等10个主产省(区)的生鲜乳平均价格已经从今年1月份的3.55元/公斤,下降至6月份的3.42元/公斤。

对此,各家乳企也在报告中列出其对业绩的直接影响。如现代牧业原料奶销售毛利同比降低5.5%,奶牛养殖业务毛利同比降低9.83%。此外,原生态牧业毛利下降25.4%,赛科星扣除非经常性损益后的净利润同比下降8.82%。

值得注意的是,影响原料奶价格下行的原因,由以往的进口奶冲击变成了国内产能过剩。

根据海关数据,今年1-7月进口奶粉港口完税价折算原料奶价格为3.13元/kg,而国内同期原料奶价格为3.41元/公斤。

进口与国产奶价格差距逐渐缩小,意味着更利于国内原料奶的销售,但事实却并非如此。

赛科星在半年报中援引海关数据表示,上半年乳品进口价格相较于去年同期上涨28%,国内企业倾向于使用国产奶源。

不过,同期国内上游去产能趋势持续,加速了亏损奶农退出,规模牧场也开始通过淘汰低产能奶牛控制产能过剩。

乳业杂志《荷斯坦》主编豆明认为,国内居民乳制品消费低于预期,加之行业近年对市场前景严重误判导致供给过剩,所以上游乳企的年中业绩整体较差。

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