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三成定增股破发 价值洼地筑巢引凤

2017-09-05 07:51:44   中国经济网

按定增股份上市日期计算,今年以来,同有339只定向增发股票上市,其中106只截至最新收盘价已经破发,三维丝、方直科技、蓝色光标、中国长城等7只股票浮亏逾30%。

跌破增发价的定增股被一些市场人士视为价值洼地。“不少定增项目实际上是有上市公司兜底的,今年以来减持新规出台,拉长了定增资金的退出周期,机构参与定增的热情骤降,兜底条件也随之水涨船高。一些资质不太好的上市公司定增兜底条件甚至达到了8%的前端保底利率和30%-50%的后端分成。从这个角度来看,上市公司有足够的动力通过提升业绩、市值管理等方式来支撑股价。”一位不愿具名的私募人士指出。

此外,定增股破发也给了普通投资者用比大股东、机构投资者定增价更低的价格买到股票,同时还不必受定向增发锁定期的限制,这也将吸引一部分资金介入此类洼地。

破发率高企

从板块上看,定增破发的股票来自创业板的有36只,中小板38只;沪市主板18只、14只深市主板。且破发幅度高的以创业板为主,如排名前三的三维丝、方直科技和蓝色光标自发行价跌幅分别为47.15%、37.37%和35.05%,均是创业板股票。这与今年创业板的行情十分一致:创业板指数今年以来跌幅为4%;同期沪综指涨幅为8.89%。

由于中小盘股的调整,定增发行的破发率有了显著提升。据长江证券统计,2013年至今,定增发行2个月内,2013年-2016年期间破发率的平均水平约为24.5%。而2017年至今,定增股票破发率已达31.27%。

“跌破增发价的股票可以说是市场的一个价值洼地,一方面,普通投资者可以以低于大股东、机构投资者定增的发行价买到更便宜的股票,另一方面还不受定向增发锁定期限限制。”业内人士陈女士表示,自己就新近介入了一家定增破发股。

兴业证券金融工程研究团队指出,定增破发的原因有很多,如市场出现下跌或投资者对该项目不看好等。但对于上市公司来讲,如果股价在预案阶段跌破发行价,认购方可以通过二级市场以更低的价格增持股份。如果破发持续,该定增很可能最终无法实施。如果在实施后发生破发,增发认购方将面临亏损。这两种情况下,都使上市公司有动力维持股价。

破发催生投资良机

整个上市公司定增周期可分为四个阶段:董事会预案阶段、发审委核准阶段、定增实施阶段和定增解禁阶段。

兴业证券统计历年来情况发现,定增实施后出现破发的占比最高,达40.00%, 而且在市场下跌时,破发次数会相对较高。单个定增出现2-5次破发的情况比较多,破发案例的持续时间大部分为1-5天,即出现破发后,大部分股票价格会在短期内回补至发行价格以上。破发案例以小幅破发为主,0-5%幅度的破发占比较高。

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