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擅长塑料膜就能做锂电隔膜?大东南造了近七年仍在路上

2017-09-05 07:37:08   中国经济网

理想很丰满,现实很骨感。回顾来时的路,大东南(002263,SZ)似乎低估了锂电隔膜制造难度,即使已专注薄膜生产了38年,但在锂电隔膜领域却未必能够发挥自己所长。

2016年年报显示,大东南锂电池隔膜业务占比仅0.16%,收入不到200万元。而2011年定增募资建设隔膜项目时,大东南则是信心满满。根据当时的预测,项目建成后,新增年销售收入2.7亿元,新增年净利润5491万元。

事实上,大东南隔膜项目2015年投产,2016年产量才达到334.54万平方米,这与当时计划年产6000万平方米的目标相去甚远。主业不振,转型未成功,停牌重组,这是大东南的目前的写照。

“闭门”造隔膜之难

2011年9月,塑料薄膜生产商大东南定增募资发展锂电池隔膜,拟投入3.66亿元。当时预测,项目建成后,新增年销售收入2.7亿元,新增年净利润5491万元。

按照规划,项目建设期为2年,项目建设完成后第1年为投产年,达到设计能力的80%,第2年开始进入达产期,生产能力达到设计能力的100%,即年产6000万平方米锂电池离子隔离膜。

隔膜是锂电池材料中技术壁垒最高的一种高附加值材料。大东南当时称,国内所需隔膜80%以上依赖进口,国内产能远远不能满足需要。

面对此项技术壁垒较高的产业,大东南彼时对自己信心十足。2013年7月,大东南回复投资者锂电池隔膜项目情况时称,公司专注于薄膜的生产38年,隔膜的技术在项目投入之前就已经进行了储备,且公司拥有自己的研究院,70%的专家已经到位。

除生产隔膜外,大东南还同时发力制造锂电池。2013年6月,大东南拟投7.96亿元建设动力锂离子电池建设项目。

雄心壮志进入锂电行业后,大东南计划购置的8条锂电池隔离膜生产线,其中两条生产线已于2015年7月投产。投产当年,隔膜收入仅为57.3万元。2016年,隔膜收入为156.54万元,销售量仅为248.3万平方米。锂电池收入为748.74万元,销售量为176.32万只。2017年上半年,隔膜营收将近80万元,锂电池营收将近380万元。

大东南用了4年时间建设、投产、调试,2年多时间开拓市场,其销售额与预定计划差距颇大。

技术门槛拦住“门外汉”

近年来,国内众多公司想要自己研发生产隔膜,但成功的少。真锂研究首席分析师墨柯分析,问题的关键是设备与工艺的融合问题。隔膜设备制造厂提供的设备为了满足大部分厂家的需求,比较大众化。但对隔膜生产厂家来说,每一家的技术路线总是有一些差别。这些较为大众的设备的调试就很关键,调试好的设备才能让企业的技术发挥出来,很多企业做不好这一步。

实际上,低估隔膜难度的公司乐凯胶片(600135,SH)。2014年,乐凯胶片拟定增募集资金研发生产锂电池隔膜。然而,该投资不达预期,项目达到预定可使用状态日期为2016年6月,但该项目截至2016年底只实现了小批量试产。

不过,与大东南不同的是,乐凯胶片还同时向外寻求隔膜并购标的,今年7月24日还发布公告称拟收购老牌的隔膜生产企业中科科技。

中国化学与物理电源行业协会秘书长刘彦龙此前接受《每日经济新闻》采访时称,对于依靠自己研发生产的企业来讲,从进入市场到产品被认可,怎么也要2到3年的时间。

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