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并购无章法存在隐患 “传统”企业净利润大增

2017-09-01 07:26:17   中国经济网

净利润的增长,应该是上市公司业绩改善的最显著标志。而净利润过度增长,如上所述的动辄几十倍的增长,其实也不太正常。它反映的不外乎几种状况:以前的净利润太低甚至为负,只要利润微增就显示暴涨;可能有外延式的增长,如并购资产等,导致产能大增、利润暴涨;可能真的由于周期因素、景气恢复等原因,利润爆发式增长。或许这几家公司如此净利润的暴涨,是多方面因素共同发挥作用的结果。从宏观层面看,是否可以认定,行业景气度已经大幅提升、周期性因素已经由消极变为积极?如果真的如此,是否可以说去产能不再是结构调整的主要任务?现在下结论似乎还有点早,根据表现出众的净利润前几名就下定论也不一定不准确,但应该密切观察产业动向和新变化。

品牌白酒供应紧价格高喝酒习惯难改助推需求

8月27日晚间,五粮液在深交所公开了2017年半年度报告,收入、利润双双保持增长态势。2017年上半年,五粮液实现营业收入约为156.21亿元,和2016年同期132.56亿元相比,增幅不到18%;归属于上市公司股东的净利润约为49.72亿元,相较于2016年上半年约为38.87亿元,增幅在28%左右。五粮液方面在公告中指出,公司营业收入增长,主要系本报告期酒类产品销量增加所致;但没有具体解释利润上涨的原因。

中国白酒市场实在是一个谜。都说产能过剩,却依然稀缺;都说价格偏高,却依然涨声一片。有业内人士认为,2017年上半年,由于享受白酒消费升级红利、自身产品梳理、渠道拓展以及价格上调,所以五粮液利润大幅增长。从市场层面看,经过一年半左右的调整,五粮液市场价已突破900元大关,969元/瓶的价格已在商超等渠道执行,终端、一批等价格上涨,且市场处于缺货状态,迈入了量价齐升的阶段。或许,还是一定的稀缺性帮助了品牌白酒,市场供给总显得有点不足。或许,中国人的饮酒习惯帮了白酒产业的大忙,前些年从媒体到专家,那么卖力气推广葡萄酒,现如今,干红干白葡萄酒市场确实扩大了,但是白酒市场也未见太大萎缩,而高档宴请还是名贵白酒当家。习惯的力量是巨大的!

乳品企业补贴下降业绩跌应加大市场配置资源力度

据媒体报道,三元股份在8月26日公布了2017年中报,公司1-6月实现营业收入30.89亿元,同比增长8.36%,但归属于上市公司股东的净利润却只有3453.19万元,比上年同期下跌77.57%。特别是经营活动产生的现金流量净额为-1.63亿元,三元股份去年上半年这一数据为2.01亿元。根据中报披露的数据,三元股份最主要的子公司——河北三元食品有限公司(简称“河北三元”),上半年净利润为-3744万元,比去年同期大幅减少了1.61亿元。在去年中报中,三元股份披露公司当期实现归属于上市公司股东的净利润1.53亿元,同比增长202%,主要原因是子公司河北三元收到河北省乳粉企业发展补贴资金1亿元,增加了公司2016年上半年度利润。而今年由于并没有该补贴,直接导致河北三元净利润告负。

回顾之前的财务数据,不得不说:政府补贴已经成为决定三元股份盈利的关键因素。但是,食品饮品类企业,多数涉及民生的基本需求,盈利状况固然重要,但似乎不应该是唯一考核。但是,持续大金额的补贴,似乎也有违市场公平竞争原则,也是对其他生产商的不公。怎么办?由于食品饮品原料多涉及农业和畜牧业,受自然条件影响较大,完全用市场法则可能也不是好的选项。但是,可不可以逐渐加大市场化资源配置的力度?比如商业保险,可不可以发挥更大的作用?再比如,可以加大补贴考核前的“对比性”验证:同类企业、同行业企业的经营状况,究竟如何?国内外同类企业,差别究竟有多大?另外,也要考虑到自然条件的具体情况,如遇自然灾害,当然可以考虑多给补贴,但常年或丰年,则要少给甚至不给。还是那句话:企业的天职是赢利。如果长期不能赚钱,就对不起企业这两个字。

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