新闻 > 经济
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China

仇保兴:坚守健康城镇化五类底线

2017-08-28 16:11:12   央广网

城镇化的过程,从硬件来讲就是钢筋水泥在祖国大地上进行铺设的过程。如果在城镇化过程中犯了大的决策错误,后人也难以纠正,就像美国的城镇化造成了城市的蔓延,后果至今难以弥补。所谓规划,就是要前瞻性地看到这样一些问题,然后提一些对策。没有前瞻性的规划就不是规划,在这一点上要有科学性。我认为,健康的城镇化必须要坚守五类底线。

第一类底线是,大中小城市和小城镇协调发展。实践证明,大中小城市和小城镇在数量上应呈现金字塔式分布,凡是形成这样金字塔分布地区,协调发展可得到基本保障。今天的长三角就是大中小城市协调发展的典范,一些要素在上海及其周边城市间互通,这种双向流动造就了地区均衡发展。

小城镇建设的方向非常清楚,必须要在人居环境上下功夫。而打造良好的人居环境,有四大要求:要有规划管理体系;必要的基础设施;非常好的绿色建筑;公共服务水平应该类同于大城市或者大中城市。

第二类底线是,城市和农村互补协调发展。“三农”问题与城镇化是密不可分的,当城镇化率超过50%的时候,传统的农村乡土文化、田园风光、农业景观就成为稀缺资源,农村也将成为一部分人口的热土。“三农”问题解决越顺当,城乡关系越能健康发展。

但在这方面,我们存在着过高的城镇化预期。西方“新大陆国家”的人口主要构成都是外来移民,都出现超90%的城镇化率。但具有传统农耕历史的原住民国家,城镇化率到了一定程度以后会出现一部分人返乡,城乡人口会双向流动。这些国家城镇化率的峰值最后会稳定在65%~70%,不是90%。

从养老角度来讲,我国50岁以上农民工数量急剧减少。50岁以上考虑回乡,55岁基本回乡。国务院曾发文解决农民工回乡创业的实际问题,这也是为过高的城镇化预期打的“止痛针”。

第三类底线是,紧凑式城镇空间密度。我们要学习世界上两种模式,紧凑模式和蔓延模式。如果在土地管理、政策管理、规划管理上出现重大事故,城市蔓延就会出现,后果难以想象。所以,我们应该要建设功能完善、人居环境非常好的紧凑城市。

这种紧凑的模式包含着人居环境品质要素,就是100%的居民步行500米可达公交站点,100%居民步行500米可到达学校医院。还要防止工矿建设用地粗放,纠正小产权房问题。更重要的是防止私家车引导式基础设施过度建设,城市内部不能过度修建高架桥,修建高架桥就使得公共交通不能通达,要建设步行友好、街道充满活力的城市。

第四类底线,防止空城。内蒙古某城市只有40多万人,但是人居环境可容纳140多万人。其中一个原因就是要有土地财政的支持。到了城镇化中期之后,实际上已经没有更多城镇化人口要转移,所以出现了“空城”“鬼城”。

第五类底线,保护历史文化和自然遗产资源。所有自然、文化遗产具有不可再生性。保护好传承好这些不可再生的资源,不仅是保留和展示城市特色、改善人居环境和修复生态环境的必由之路,也是增强城市经济竞争力、优化可持续发展能力、提升城市空间整体价值和文化自信心的必然选择。今后,一定要贯彻中央城市工作会议精神,以城市修补、生态修复的微更新来取代过去的大拆大建、大挖大填。

健康和谐的城镇化是由政府和市场这两只手合理配置、合理协作的结果。如果大的决策失误触动了以上所讲几条底线,后果不堪设想。以人为本的城镇化决策是长久的,所以必须要考虑到下一代的生活空间,实际上这就是可持续发展的精要。(作者系国务院参事、中国城市科学研究会理事长、中国住房与城乡建设部原副部长)

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170828/31211691.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2024/11/06 09:56:48

Powered by China
China