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京东超越天猫还需多久?二季度京东市场份额大涨 全部抢自天猫

2017-08-25 17:01:19   中国经济网

京东还需要多长时间超越天猫?中国最大的两家B2C企业此消彼长的趋势越来越明显了。

易观近日发布的《中国网上零售B2C市场季度监测分析2017年第2季度》数据显示,2017年第二季度,中国网上零售B2C市场交易规模为8604.6亿元人民币,同比增长32%。

具体到市场份额方面,天猫与京东继续占据八成以上的市场。其中天猫的市场份额为51.3%,京东为32.9%,唯品会与苏宁易购分别以3.2%和2.5%位列三四位,剩余几家电商企业的市场份额均不高于1%。

京东与天猫的差距进一步缩小,在易观发布的2017年第一季度报告中,天猫以55.8%的市场份额为位居首位,京东、唯品会、苏宁易购分别以26.7%、3.4%、2.6%的市场份额位居其后。

比较数字可以发现,天猫市场份额一个季度下降了4.5%,京东上涨了6.2%,这个趋势已经维持了多个季度。由于唯品会、苏宁易购、国美在线等平台二季度市场份额占比均比一季度出现下跌,因此京东成为第二季度中国网络零售B2C市场份额唯一上涨的电商企业,并且上涨的份额大部分来自主要的竞争对手天猫。此举进一步蚕食了天猫的市场份额,使其几乎失守50%的生命线,对于B2C市场的进一步洗牌产生极大的震动。

易观的分析认为,2017年二季度对中国网上零售行业的发展是不平凡的一个时期。伴随京东“618”已发展成为比肩“双11”的年度全民购物节,今年的年中购物季网上零售各厂商也参与到年中促销大军中,推出不同折扣幅度、多元互动方式的营销活动,大幅拉升了市场消费热情。京东“618”年中购物节交出了一份漂亮的成绩单,从6月1日到6月18日,京东全平台交易额达到了1199亿元,与去年天猫“双11”购物节创造的1207亿元等量齐观。

比较阿里与京东刚刚发布的二季度财报可以发现,截至2017年6月30日,阿里零售业务的活跃用户同比增长7%,环比增长为3%,阿里用户一念间仅增长了4300万。与此相对应的是京东的活跃用户数一年间增长了37%,6980万人,达到2.583亿。相比其老对头京东,阿里活跃用户数的增长严重滞后。

由于阿里交易额的增长与活跃用户增长情况高度关联,因此自从用户数陷入增长乏力后,阿里的季度财报中也不再提供GMV数字,只在年底公布一次。阿里巴巴公布2017财年年报时,显示其零售平台GMV同比增长仅为22%,其中天猫GMV同比增长29%。而京东最新公布的二季度GMV增速则达到46%,双方在GMV的增速方面也差距巨大。

考虑到来自淘宝的GMV增长陷入停滞,天猫已经肩负起引领阿里在零售业务增长的重任。二季度天猫市场份额的进一步下跌,无疑重创了阿里在电商业务的布局和信心。

易观在分析报告时指出,网上零售进入新一轮竞争的同时,其零售大生态中的各主体间的竞合关系也进入一个深度调整期。随着零售业变革逼近,京东正在加速在零售大生态中的服务商角色转变。京东在仓储、物流、供应链等方面的多年积累,正在不断发挥出新的规模效应,而天猫在度过早期流量红利期之后,新的增长点尚未出现。B2C市场对于上游供应链和整个零售系统管理的整合程度要求更高,这方面京东通过与沃尔玛、永辉等传统零售超市的多年合作,积累了更多的经验,尤其是在库存打通、供应链打通方面,京东更是走在了天猫的前面,加上一贯的仓储物流优势,天猫面对的竞争压力只会越来越强烈。

或许下个季度,我们就可以看到中国B2C市场迎来一个里程碑节点——天猫历史性的失守中国B2C的“半壁江山”。

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