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银行业:时刻绷紧风险防控这根“弦”

2017-08-25 07:21:55   中国经济网

“银行业要回归本源、健康发展,需要以治理好金融乱象、防控好金融风险为基础。”24日,工商银行董事长易会满在“2017中国银行业发展论坛”上发表了这一观点,并得到与会不少银行高管们的赞同。银行业回归本源怎么回,未来之路又该怎么走,正成为各家银行普遍关注的问题。

求木之长者,必固其根本。当前,银行业市场乱象丛生,尤其在同业、理财、表外业务等领域存在过快增长、资金空转、风险复杂等问题,成为监管部门整治的重点。易会满认为,要防范金融乱象无序演化对经济金融发展带来危害,需要以强化金融基础设施建设为前提。“要建立一张能反映金融业运行整体情况和风险实质的超级资产负债表。从根源切入,在基础问题上进行顶层设计,对各类金融风险做到心中有数、手中有方、对症施治。”

“银行业需要时刻绷紧防风险这根弦,既防黑天鹅也避灰犀牛。”民生银行董事长洪崎表示,针对近两年风险高发的同业、表外等业务领域,银行应从被动管理转向主动管理,全面扎紧防控操作风险和道德风险的制度笼子。

建设银行原董事长王洪章表示,尽管监管部门加强了对同业、理财等业务的监管,但并非要取消这些金融的必备功能。“银行业迫切要做的是回归本源,缩短资金投向企业的链条,提高资金投向企业的效率,更多地支持实体经济发展。”

金融业回归本源,需要对实体经济真金白银地投入。兴业银行行长陶以平表示,实体经济需要金融服务“多快好省”,而银行在这些方面仍然有一些束缚,比如实体经济具有周期性,而银行一般是顺周期经营;实体经济有普惠性要求,而银行有经营盈利性考虑;实体经济对金融服务的效率格外重视,而银行更强调稳健安全的流程控制等。

“解决这些问题,从宏观上看,要改变银行的顺周期经营行为,需要国家实施科学务实的货币政策和监管政策。更重要的是,银行自身要进行供给侧结构性改革,提高专业水平和运营效率。”陶以平说。

银行高管们指出,在处理好“促发展”与“防风险”的同时,还不能忽视“大与小”“新与旧”的关系。邮政储蓄银行董事长李国华认为,商业银行在支持大项目、大企业的同时,要加强对小微企业、三农和偏远地区的金融服务;在支持战略新兴产业、高新技术产业的同时,也要加强对传统产业改造升级的支持。

人民银行24日发布的《中国农村金融服务报告(2016)》显示,截至2016年末,全国累计为1.72亿农户建立信用档案,已有近9248万农户获得银行贷款,贷款余额2.7万亿元。但同时也要看到,我国农村金融发展无论是在覆盖面还是在深度上,都还有很大的提升空间。特别是对照农业供给侧结构性改革的要求,还有较大差距。

“改革不易,甚至有风险,但我们享受了改革的红利,未来仍将依靠改革实现问题的突破。”洪崎说,商业银行要想在日趋激烈的竞争中占有一席之地,必须全面推进转型变革。要加快运用大数据、云计算、人工智能、物联网、区块链等金融科技,改造传统金融服务模式。

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