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多空因素互现 煤价面临调整

2017-08-24 08:39:28   新华网

8月23日,国内商品市场再现黑色系重挫场景,热卷、螺纹、铁矿石纷纷走跌,热卷盘中一度触及6%跌停位。截至下午收盘,热卷跌4.36%,锰硅跌4.24%,螺纹跌3.96%,铁矿石跌3.82%。

A股市场上,钢铁、有色、煤炭板块也分列跌幅榜前三名。截至收盘,Wind中信一级钢铁板块跌2.68%,有色跌2.44%,煤炭跌2.08%。个股中,新钢股份跌6.44%,露天煤业跌5.57%,云铝股份跌5.84%。

关于6月份以来周期商品的集体牛市,不少分析师接受证券时报·e公司记者采访时曾表示,8月底、9月初周期商品将随着煤炭夏旺季过去,价格会进入拐点。那么,被视为本轮周期商品上涨“原动力”的煤炭价格,是否已显现出疲软行情了呢?

在接连两期持平后,环渤海动力煤开始走低。8月16日,秦皇岛煤炭网发布的最新一期环渤海动力煤指数报收于582元/吨,环比下行1元/吨。其中价格下降的规格品数量有7个,跌幅均为5元/吨,其余17个持平,没有价格上涨的规格品。与此同时,秦、唐、沧三港煤炭调出量周环比增长15%,表明北方港口贸易商已在清仓出货或选择离场观望。

“虽然动力煤价格指数下调,但目前产地煤供应价格还算平稳,整体还是供应趋紧的形势。”卓创分析师崔玉娥称,多地的煤管票制度,加上内蒙古地区70周年庆限产对市场的影响,使得目前产地供应量依旧不高。不过,随着北方地区气温逐步转凉,下游需求已经开始有所下降。电厂普遍看低后市,有意压低煤炭价格。

据称,截至8月22日,沿海6大电厂日耗煤从此前最高超过85万吨回落到80万吨上下,此前还一度回落至75万吨。煤炭库存达1103万吨,平均可用天数为13天。尽管80万吨日耗量尚属高位,但煤炭旺季进入尾声的趋势不可扭转,供需偏紧格局将得到缓解。

“需求减量后,当前电厂接收煤的意愿不强,从此前大量市场采购,转向仅维持长协煤购入,并不着急补库存。”崔玉娥表示,当前产地煤价格依然较高,但电厂接受价偏低,一些地区甚至出现价格倒挂情况,贸易商也开始有计划的去库存。

除需求转淡的周期性因素外,近期,山西、陕西、内蒙三大煤炭主产地宣布将在未来一段时间大量释放产能,而发改委也明确表示,要在保证安全的前提下有序释放优质产能,持续增加有效供应。数据显示,上半年已新增产能9000万吨左右,大部分的煤炭供给将在下半年逐步释放,即使考虑去产能因素,也可净增加有效产能约2亿吨至3亿吨。

“如果真可以有效释放2亿吨至3亿吨产能,那么今年第四季度煤炭市场将很难再出现去年那样大幅上涨的行情。不过目前市场情况来看,由于安全大检查等因素,内蒙古、山西等地煤矿正常生产受阻,产能释放并未有效施行。”

中宇资讯分析师关大利称,当前市场受消息影响颇多,多空因素互现。例如今年国家大力监管的环保和安全问题。一方面环保督察对用煤企业影响较大,限产停产后,煤炭需求将有所回落。但另一方面,安全生产监察对煤炭产能又有明显抑制,将减少市场供应量利好煤价。对此有分析称,今年下半年十九大召开期间,各地都会将煤矿安全监管放在重要位置。保守估计,证照齐全生产煤矿中,部分煤矿因为种种安全问题而停产将会影响大约3%左右的产能释放。

关于煤炭价格后期走势,关大利认为,当前煤炭价格表现仍较为坚挺,随着旺季结束,价格或有回落空间,但不会出现大幅下跌的情况。

崔玉娥也表示,市场多空消息博弈明显,观望情绪浓厚。9月份需求彻底进入淡季后,煤炭价格将启动回落。但除非有大的利空政策出台,或产能释放到位,否则煤价下行空间有限。(记者 赵黎昀)

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