新闻 > 经济
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China

再谈余额宝:撼支付易 撼信用难

2017-08-21 17:48:48   中国经济网

两度下调最高限额后,余额宝上周又成了市场焦点。因为市场发现,尽管直接转入存在限制,但通过其他方式可以绕开,这甚至是一个余额宝自己都没有意识到的“后门”。而随着争论平息,余额宝和蚂蚁金服之间的关系,乃至蚂蚁金服更深层次的战略思维,都再次成了值得探讨的话题。

传统上,银行账户是整个金融系统的基础。一是不同银行账户之间的关联网络,也即支付网络,支撑起了整个社会的信用循环;二是连接银行和个人的银行账户,将整个社会的信用供给和需求连接起来。商业银行每一步的信用创造,都通过账户系统将影响传递到社会的各个层面。账户系统本身也是一个强大的再分配工具,它把社会的富余资金转化为银行负债,支撑银行在资产端的扩张。基于支付功能,银行账户获得了整个金融系统内独一无二的垄断地位,其他所有金融子行业都只能在此基础上进行构建。

如果我们通过银行账户购买货币基金,到期或赎回之后资金打回银行账户,大家不会觉得有什么异样。但从法律上讲,活期存款不完全等同于你所拥有的资金,因为活期账户是在银行购买的一份金融合同,账户余额事实上是双方终结合同的单次最大可提取额。不过,由于活期账户在支付方面有其他账户无法比拟的优势,久而久之市场就将活期账户余额等同于现金了。

余额宝的道理也一样,只是活期账户变更成了货币基金账户。从法律上讲,货币基金账户和活期账户属性一样,其本质都是金融合同。基于其在日常生活支付体验上的巨大便利性,我们通常也默认其他金融合同终止之后,资金自动购买或者转入这份合同,不信可去翻翻自己开通账户时跟支付宝签订的协议。

其实这种状况在很多其他金融合同中也能看到,比如大额可转让定期存单、银行承兑汇票等。这些工具能够满足一些大额资金随时变现的需求,也是各自细分市场上受到欢迎的金融产品。只是这些产品在可分割方面体验太差,不能跟持有人的日常支付需求对接起来。

一个在货币基金账户捆绑上便捷的网络支付体验,在大多数支付场景中成功替代了银行活期账户,其结果就是近几年以来规模的快速增长。虽然很多人也将余额宝的成功,视为中国利率市场化过程中的副产品,但不能否认支付体验在其中所起的作用,这也是余额宝跟其他货币基金相比规模如此悬殊的原因。货币基金快速膨胀对整个金融系统的冲击是另一个课题,若无限制,笔者相信余额宝后续的规模增长空间仍很大。

布局到此,蚂蚁金服事实上已获得了巨大的成功。但从架构上看,蚂蚁金服并不满足于在支付领域从商业银行蛋糕中切走一块,它还想在信用业务谋得一席之地。通过网商银行,它还在试图融合余额宝账户和一般银行账户之间的鸿沟,以期能够在自己的账户系统连接信用的供给方和需求方,就像前述银行账户所能做的那样。

但这个过程不会容易。因为信用业务和支付业务最大的不同,在于前者是一个重资本业务,而且是受到严格监管的牌照业务,有强大的社会外溢效应。这和互联网强调的轻资本、去监管化,是完全不同的方向。即便在蚂蚁金服体系内部,从支付向信用业务掩杀,也远比从旗下的一块民营银行牌照中谋求突围要容易得多,至少还可以走直接融资的路。另外,支付业务在市场变化累积到临界点后,会迎来几何级数的爆发,但信用业务永远是个细活,是一个熬人的过程,不是想做就能做大的。

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170821/31145302.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/24 21:03:19

Powered by China
China