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筹码集中度指标不灵了? 二季度白马股股东户数与股价“齐步走”

2017-08-18 16:37:30   新华网

在不少投资者看来,A股市场存在这样的投资逻辑:股东户数减少意味着筹码集中、主力进场,利好股价的未来走势,反之亦然。但随着不少近期走势强劲的大盘蓝筹股二季度股东户数披露,上述逻辑出现变异。

过去,股东户数减少利好股价的逻辑在于股东筹码集中导致多空博弈现象较小,市场强势时个股走势有望强于大盘。反之,股东户数增加则说明该公司持股趋于分散,多空博弈的风险将有所增大。但半年报显示,贵州茅台、海康威视等白马股股东户数环比增加,而股价却同步上涨。

市场人士指出,上述白马股表现出现股东户数与股价“齐步走”现象,显示更多投资者基于基本面因素而非交易逻辑看好白马股。只要白马股基本面未来不出现反转,股东户数的增加可能不会明显导致多空博弈加剧的现象出现。

  白马股二季度筹码趋于分散

据东方财富Choice统计,剔除今年上市的次新股和停牌个股,对比余下个股近两个季度的股东户数情况,可以发现不少蓝筹股的股东户数上升丝毫不影响其股价表现。

贵州茅台在半年报中披露股东户数为80670户,环比上一季度增长18.57%。而同期内,其股价从380.6元飙升至464.82元,累计涨幅达22.1%。海康威视、万华化学、安琪酵母、老板电器等不少绩优白马股的二季度股东户数均出现环比增长,这些个股3月至6月的股价累计涨幅也均超20%。

甚至,不少二季度涨幅超20%的个股,其股东户数环比已连续两个季度实现增长。其中,万华化学今年一季度股东户数环比增长14.88%,一季度股价上涨25.92%;二季度股东户数环比增长72.73%,该区间内股价再度上涨了31.58%。

事实上,即使是白马股,股价与股东户数“齐步走”也是今年出现的新现象。以贵州茅台为例,其股价上涨速度最快的时间区间在2006年年初至2007年年末。这8个季度内,贵州茅台的股东户数仅3次实现环比增长,5次为环比下滑,可见当时股东户数减少仍然利于其股价的表现。

但自从去年4月以来5个季度内,除去年年底股东户数出现小幅下滑外,其余几期贵州茅台的股东户数均实现环比增长。除了贵州茅台外,一批价值蓝筹的股东户数近一年内皆出现了多次环比增长。

  一反常态的原因

为何会出现此类较反常的现象?受访的市场人士认为,过去把股东户数增减作为利好或利空因素来看,反映投资者更多地以交易思维看待个股,一旦筹码分散,多空博弈就会加剧。

但近期市场已经以“价值为王”作为投资主线,股东户数上升说明更多投资者看好该公司基本面。既然都以其业绩为持有理由,只要基本面没发生明显反转,多空博弈的风险就不太容易出现。这也解释了近几个季度,一批蓝筹股股价上涨的同时,伴随着股东户数的上升。

富达国际一位基金经理也向记者表示,以大消费板块为例,虽然此前这类白马股频频上涨,吸引了很多短线资金的目光,但将全球大消费个股估值拿来比较,国内大消费板块个股的估值仍然处于相对低位。无论是短线资金或是长线价值投资者,如果皆认为其估值偏低,则都会继续持有。

不过,受访的市场人士认为,这种“一致性”通常较难出现在中小盘题材股上,所以个股筹码集中仍是主题概念投资中筛选中小盘股的一个有效参考指标。本期股东户数环比下降的部分中小盘股走势仍强于大盘,围绕股东户数判断个股走势的投资逻辑依然存在。(记者 史庭琦)

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