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地方债发行明显提速 预计下半年将继续放量

2017-08-17 17:31:15   东北新闻网

主持人包兴安:在我国的负债问题中,地方政府债务一直是风险因素相对较多、也更受关注的一个重要部分。专家认为,随着国家堵住地方政府违规融资的“后门”,地方债作为融资“前门”,将发挥更大作用。整体来看,在疏堵并重的政策调控下,地方政府整体债务水平将得到控制,内部结构进一步优化。

-本报记者苏诗钰

财政部日前发布的数据显示,今年十二届全国人大五次会议批准的2017年地方政府债务限额是18.82万亿元。截至6月底,地方政府债务余额为15.86万亿元,控制在18.82万亿元限额以内。中央金融工作会议和政治局会议作了专门部署,对控制地方债务、防范风险提出了明确要求。

有关数据显示,今年上半年,各地共发行地方债1.86万亿元,而7月当月就发行8453亿元,地方债发行提速明显。华泰证券一位分析师昨日表示,下半年债务成本仍然较高,预计可能会提前置换地方政府存量债务。考虑到今年财政部主动调整发债节奏,预计下半年地方政府债发行会放量。在财政部明确土储债、公路债可以使用地方政府限额内未使用余额的条件下,新发债规模预计也会增加。

中国国际经济交流中心经济研究部副研究员刘向东昨日在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示,在经过债务置换和去杠杆政策实施后,地方债持续扩张的情况有所缓解,总体债务风险可控,目前仍处于存量债务的消化阶段。当前,地方债的问题就是正门没打开,偏门太多,难以准确摸清楚地方债的真实规模。因此监管机构要摸查清楚地方债风险的来源,坚决开正门堵偏门,引导地方债务有序发展。

至于如何防范地方债风险,浙江财经大学副教授文雁兵昨日在接受《证券日报》记者采访时表示,目前,一些地方政府通过各种表外、PPP、购买服务等进行违规举债,导致风险积聚。要化解地方债风险,需要从两个渠道发力:一是总量控制和限额管理;二是个人投资者“入市”和通过市场机制解决。7月份,上交所已经成功试点个人投资者通过网上、网下分销的方式参与认购地方政府债券,首批试点债券为浙江和内蒙古地方债。作为地方政府债券的主要发行市场,银行间债券市场一直处于垄断地位,债券的投资者主要是以银行为主体的金融机构。而随着个人投资者的“入市”,债券市场垄断模式被打破的同时,地方债在二级市场的流动性将得以改善。

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