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支撑显现 期债上行格局不变

2017-08-16 11:03:56   中国经济网

近期,受美朝地缘政治危机加剧和7月国内主要经济数据不及预期的影响,期债延续上行。

外围方面,全球市场避险情绪升温,避险资产普涨,国内期债市场亦受提振。近期,避险情绪有所降温,VIX回落、金银下行、美指反弹。

国内基本面方面,7月经济数据表现低迷,期债受支撑。数据显示,7月规模以上工业增加值同比增速放缓,全国固定资产投资(不含农户)同比增速比1—6月回落0.3个百分点。虽然统计局表示7月工业生产增长有所波动,受到了极端高温天气影响,部分企业放高温假、停产检修等短期非经济因素所致;同时,1—7月投资有所放缓,主要是气候原因,项目施工进度受到一定程度影响。短期经济增速放缓,仍对期债形成支撑。

基本面方面,国内经济下行压力仍存,年内通胀压力不大。虽然7月高温、洪涝等极端天气对经济增速带来一定冲击,8月主要经济数据可能有所反弹,但是下半年我国经济下行压力仍存。全国各地逐步上调购房首付比例和贷款利率,7月房地产销售面积同比增速出现明显回落,未来房地产投资或因房地产销售增速回落而继续下行。此外,财政支出同比增速回落,或对基建增速形成拖累。通胀方面,大宗商品对CPI的传导较为有限,年内通胀压力不大。

货币政策边际放松,对债市形成支撑。在《2017年第二季度中国货币政策执行报告》中,央行表示继续实施稳健中性的货币政策,综合运用公开市场操作、中期借贷便利等工具,保持银行体系流动性基本稳定,“削峰填谷”熨平流动性波动。8月15日,公开市场有1400亿元逆回购和2875亿元MLF到期,当日央行进行3995亿元1年期MLF操作进行对冲,未进行逆回购操作。虽然MLF净投放创4月以来最高,不过央行公开市场操作处于净回笼状态,叠加企业缴税、法定存准缴款与退缴时点的影响,市场资金面偏紧,但8月市场资金面压力相对较小,故负面影响有限。整体看,下半年货币政策较上半年有所放松,利多期债市场。

市场预期叠加金融监管协调,对债市冲击或有限。央行拟于2018年一季度评估时起,将资产规模5000亿元以上的银行发行的一年以内同业存单纳入MPA同业负债占比指标进行考核。考虑到央行仅将部分同业存单纳入考核,且市场也有预期,故冲击或有限。此外,央行还对资管业务的发展进行了规范,监管细则逐步明朗化将对债市形成冲击,但考虑到市场已有预期,且监管层强调加强协调监管,故冲击有限。

下半年利率债供给较大,但影响或有限。下半年债市供给量较大,央行或提供一定的流动性支持,以减轻债市压力。此外,从近期利率债的招标结果看,中标利率和全场倍数,均显示当前市场需求较为旺盛。8月15日,财政部开展国债做市支持操作,随卖10年期国债中标利率高于中债估值,且投标倍数不足3倍,但从期债盘面走势看,影响较为有限。

整体上,基本面和资金面对债市的支撑将逐步显现,监管细则明朗化以及下半年利率债供给较大,或带来一定利空,但影响有限,建议投资者尝试94.6附近轻仓试多T1712,止损位94.3。

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