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供应充裕 豆粕弱势尽显

2017-08-08 10:46:51   中国经济网

随着最近几周美国天气改善,国际市场对美豆减产的预期降温。过去一段时间国内大豆压榨利润理想,进口大豆到港量持续居于高位。当下国内豆粕供应依旧充裕,在养殖业回暖缓慢的状态下,未来一段时间,国内豆粕市场仍面临较大压力。

美豆丰产预期增强

目前已经进入8月,再过一个月美豆将进入收割周期。天气预报显示,未来半个月美国大豆产区将多阵雨,不再有一个多月前的高温天气。这种天气对进入鼓粒成熟期的大豆而言是非常有利的。目前,美国大豆生长优良率处于59%,高于之前的57%,侧面说明天气改观对大豆生长较为有益,从而使得美豆产量维持上亿吨的可能性增加。

由于国内大豆压榨产能过剩,且过去一年压榨利润理想,今年我国进口大豆数量继续增加,进口大豆到港量长期处于高位,自然会从供应端给豆粕市场带来较大压力。数据显示,7月我国进口大豆到港预计在920万—930万吨,较6月明显提高,8—10月进口大豆到港量预计在2250万—2300万吨。这使得2016/2017年度我国进口大豆到港量将处于9300万吨附近,而上年度仅为8321万吨。

养殖业恢复缓慢

最近一年多,国内各地环保管控增强,政府对生猪、禽类养殖等易引起环境污染等项目审批更加严格。并且,各地生猪价格持续下跌,养殖户常处于亏损状态,国内生猪、禽类等养殖恢复缓慢,尤其生猪存栏数量长期处于低位。据农业部统计,2017年6月400个监测县生猪存栏量为35485万头,较5月下降71万头,即减少0.2%,较2016年6月减少3.2%;6月能繁母猪存栏量为3586万头,较5月下降18万头,即减少0.5%,较2016年6月减少2.4%。由于养殖存栏数据一直处于低位,国内豆粕的消费数据难以快速恢复,这对豆粕市场产生一定的压制作用。

豆粕库存压力上升

最近几周,国内豆粕现货价格有所下滑,部分库存偏低的饲料企业进行了一定的补货。虽然数据显示成交较过去几周有所改观,但国内豆粕的库存数量并未实质减少和改善。截至8月4日,国内豆粕库存量处于122万吨,较7月初的107万吨增加15万吨,较去年同期的86万吨增加36万吨。国内豆粕库存量依旧偏大,部分地区企业依旧面临着胀库的风险,因而豆粕现货市场依旧维持略弱的价格走势。

综上所述,美国高温天气渐渐退去,美豆应不会出现大幅减产,这便容易为豆类市场带来压力。国内大豆进口到港量依旧庞大,在环保要求下养殖改善缓慢,国内各地豆粕库存长期处于高位,这些因素都将继续压制国内豆粕市场,使其维持偏弱走势。

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