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医保支付改革进入“2.0”阶段

2017-07-13 13:51:36   经济参考报

国务院办公厅近日印发了《关于进一步深化基本医疗保险支付方式改革的指导意见》(以下简称《意见》),提出2017年起全面推行以按病种付费为主的多元复合支付方式。选择部分地区开展按疾病诊断相关分组(DRGs)付费试点。专家表示,医保支付作为基本医保管理和深化医改的重要环节,将成为调节医疗服务行为、引导医疗资源配置的重要杠杆。

人力资源和社会保障部医疗保险司司长陈金甫表示,下一步将针对不同医疗服务的特点,推进医保支付方式分类改革。对住院医疗服务,主要按病种、按疾病诊断相关分组(DRGs)付费,长期、慢性病住院医疗服务可按床日付费;对基层医疗服务,可按人头付费,积极探索将按人头付费与慢性病管理相结合;对不宜打包付费的复杂病例和门诊费用,可按项目付费;探索符合中医药服务特点的支付方式。

目前,按病种付费在多地已有试点。《经济参考报》记者了解到,目前江苏、云南、江西、天津等地都有部分县市或医院已经实现按病种付费。如天津市首批按病种改革试点涵盖老年白内障、冠状动脉搭桥术、鞘膜积液、卵巢囊肿、结节性甲状腺肿、急性阑尾炎、腰椎间盘突出症等常见的110个病种。据介绍,参保患者病种费用负担将整体降低30%。

“根据传统的按项目收费,某个病人多使用了一个耗材、多服用了一颗药,收费就会不一样。”专家解释:“而DRGs收付费改革后,病人得了同样的疾病,遇到同样的并发症等情况,将按照同样的方式处理,实行一口价的打包收费。”

上月初,国家卫计委召开了按疾病诊断相关分组(DRGs)收付费改革试点启动会,深圳和新疆的克拉玛依、福建的三明被列为三个试点城市。试点推行的是我国自主设计的《全国按疾病诊断相关分组收付费规范》。

有业内人士透露,上述规范已经成为国家标准,诊断和操作层面,也在从规范到标准的过程中。在改革实施的过程中,规范体系将动态调整并逐步完善。“虽然标准化和支付方式改革看似是一个鸡生蛋,蛋生鸡的课题,但至少,从支付方式入手,改革已经具备了内在动力。”他表示,“从世界各国和地区实施的经验来看,DRGs不仅是较为有效控制住院费用的工具,也是帮助医院转变模式的重要手段。由于DRGs根据分组打包付费,高出部分不再支付,这促使医院需要综合考虑药品耗材和检查等手段的必要性,更为精细化的管理住院服务的成本。”

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